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Understanding the underlying mechanisms for catalytic reduction of CO₂ over Cu based catalysts remains challenging. Here, the authors develop an effective method to reveal the vital roles of H₂O in promoting metal catalysts to CO₂ reduction via a modified triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometer.

A graphene origami–kirigami technique offers an approach for growing intertwined graphene spirals with fixed twist angles, enabling the chirality of one-dimensional wrinkles to be converted into the twist angle of vertically stacked two-dimensional layers.

Moso bamboo is an economically and ecologically important nontimber forestry species. Here, the authors analyze 427 genomes collected from 15 representative geographic areas, and identify genes under balancing selection, putative patterns of historic demography, and candidate genes associated with important traits.

Male breast cancer may involve different populations of immune cells. Here the authors use single cell transcriptomics to show that infiltration of T cells is lower in male breast cancer relative to female breast cancer, and find that this is accompanied by distinct metabolic changes.

Non-human primates are attractive laboratory animal models that can accurately reflect some developmental and pathological features of humans. Here the authors chart a reference cell map of cynomolgus monkeys using both scATAC-seq and scRNA-seq data across multiple organs, providing insights into the molecular dynamics and cellular heterogeneity of this organism.

This study sheds light on the mechanisms by which different MYB and bHLH transcription factors select their partners to form complexes, and reveals two types of MYB–bHLH interaction modes that are evolutionarily conserved but evolved independently in plants.

In photovoltaics window electrodes must display uniform current transport, as well as high light transmission from the substrate. Here, Han et al.show that quasi-fractal metallic networks provide a practical realization of an electrode structure with an optimal surface coverage and a uniform current density.

How starburst amacrine cell (SAC) dendrites transform concentrically distributed synaptic inputs into branch-specific directional outputs is not fully understood. Here the authors report that dendritic mGluR2 signaling and somatic Kv3-mediated shunting coordinately implement SAC dendritic direction selectivity.

Fuel cells are promising for sustainable energy generation, but are limited by the performance of electrocatalysts. Here the authors synthesize dendritic palladium–copper–cobalt nanoalloys with electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction and formic acid oxidation as well as alcohol tolerance.

An assay that thermophoretically profiles surface proteins from serum extracellular vesicles labelled with a panel of fluorescent aptamers detects and classifies patients according to cancer type and cancer stage.

Long-term stability of organic solar cells is critical to promote practical applications. Here, the authors utilize iridium/iridium oxide nanoparticles as the electron-transporting material and realize enhanced device stabilities under thermal aging with T70 of over 10000 h.

Modules of foldable crystalline silicon solar cells retain their power-conversion efficiency after being subjected to bending stress or exposure to air-flow simulations of a violent storm.

Single-cell RNA sequencing is used to catalogue and explore the developmental trajectories of more than 30,000 cells in the developing human hippocampus.

Previous work has documented a slow form of memory generalization although a rapid one is demanded. Here the authors elucidate the role of the interhemispheric CA1-CA1 projection in a form of rapid generalization of contextual fear memory via gradual potentiation of these synapses over 24 h.

A NO delivery system that depends on the hydrolysis of an alkyl-galactose-conjugated NO prodrug by an engineered galactosidase developed using a ‘bump-and-hole’ strategy enabled targeted delivery of NO to specific tissues.

The role of the tumor microenvironment in immunotherapy response in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. Here, single cell RNA and TCR sequencing of samples before and after immunotherapy highlights the role of CD8 T-cell status conversion and exhaustion induced by Macro CD5L+ in treatment response.

Acute graft versus host disease is a rare but deadly complication following liver transplantation. Author show here, upon screening a large cohort of liver transplanted patients and detailed immune phenotyping of samples from the 7 affected individuals and appropriate controls, that human T cell lymphotropic virus type I infection of donor immune cells appear to correlate with the occurrence of acute graft versus host disease.

The authors show that liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) senescence promotes steatosis by reprogramming liver endothelial zonation and inhibiting C-kit, a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. Infusing C-kit-expressing LSECs in aged or diet-induced NASH mice counteracts senescence and steatosis.

Here, using cryo-EM, in vitro and cellular assays, the authors elucidate how SS18–SSX1, via an unorthodox manner of selectively recognizing ubiquitylated nucleosomes, hijacks the BAF1 complex to Polycomb-repressed regions in synovial carcinoma.

Small cell cervical carcinoma (SCCC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Here, the authors report human papillomavirus features and genomic landscape in SCCC via high-throughput sequencing methods and identify MYC, SOX, NR4A, ANKRD and CEA family genes as HPV-integrated hotspots.

Tong et al. describe a super pangenome assembled from long-read sequences of 545 wild and domesticated silkworms. Naturally selected (diapause, aposemantic coloration) or artificially selected (silk yield and fineness) sets of genes are delineated.

Biomimetic materials are of interest but can often suffer from limitations caused by the non-native linkages used. Here, the authors report on the creation of amino acid constructed polyureas which can self-assemble into vesicles and nanotubes with aggregation induced fluorescence and the potential for drug delivery applications.

The fabrication of perovskite solar cells in ambient air is of interest, but the materials are unstable in the presence of moisture. Yan et al. show that guanabenz acetate salt eliminates vacancy defects that trigger perovskite degradation, enabling 25% efficiency devices to be fabricated in air.

Domestic ducks are descended from the Mallard and have been bred for several purposes. Here the authors present three high-quality duck genome assemblies which recover previously missing genes and provide a rich resource of variants potentially related to domestication.

Microbial ecosystem-based bioproduction requires the regulation of phenotypic structure of microbial populations. Here, the authors report the construction of a programmed lysis system and its ability for reprograming microbial cooperation in poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) and butyrate production by E. coli strains.

This paper describes molecular subtypes of cervical cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma clusters defined by HPV status and molecular features, and distinct molecular pathways that are activated in cervical carcinomas caused by different somatic alterations and HPV types.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant cancer type with high morbidity in Asia, and its current molecular classification is insufficient to predict therapy outcomes. Here the authors explore NPC subtype-specific response to therapy with a pharmacogenomics strategy integrating genomics and drug response of patient-derived organoids.

A whole monkey brain is imaged at high resolution in 100 hours.

The ASAP4 family of genetically encoded voltage indicators allows recording of action potentials and subthreshold activity with either one- or two-photon microscopy over extended periods of time.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) contributes to the development of triple-negative breast cancer. In this study, the authors show that TEM8 is expressed in VM-forming breast cancer stem cells and it promotes stemness and VM differentiation capacity through a RhoC/ROCK1/SMAD5 axis

Here, the authors compare the crystal structures and investigate the neutralization mechanisms of three neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and find that one antibody, P2C-1F11, closely mimics binding of receptor ACE2 and displays the most potent neutralizing activity in vitro, as well as conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Ad5-hACE2-sensitized mice.

Astrocytes contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathophysiology. Here, the authors show that IP3R2 conditional KO mice show ASD-like behaviours and identify astrocyte-derived ATP as a modulator of these behaviours in mice.

Here, the authors introduce a 3D Weyl metamaterial hosting modes bound to a 1D topological lattice defect. The modes carry nonzero orbital angular momentum locked to the direction of propagation, and they experimentally demonstrate the ability to emit acoustic vortices into free space.

Chinese breast cancer patients have not been well represented in clinical sequencing studies. Here the authors analyse the mutational landscape of 1,134 Chinese breast cancer patients, finding actionable targets and a higher prevalence of p53 and Hippo pathway mutations compared to Western cohorts.

J-aggregation has been proved to be an efficient strategy for the development of fluorescent imaging agents in the NIR-II spectral region but the design of appropriate J-aggregates is challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate J-aggregation of a BODIPY dye with NIR-II emission and demonstrate lymph node imaging for fluorescence guided surgery.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contains a multi-basic cleavage site. Here, the authors show how this multi-basic cleavage site affects entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells and transmission in the hamster model and identify host factors affecting entry of SARS-CoV-2 in a genome-wide CRISPR screen.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

Observational analyses from the China Kadoorie Biobank found that alcohol consumption was associated with higher risks of 61 diseases in Chinese men, with most of these associations confirmed by genetic analyses.