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Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Human TNF is required for respiratory-burst-dependent immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages but seems to be largely redundant physiologically.

Mucins on the surface of healthy T cells limit their phagocytic uptake by macrophages. Here the authors show that upon apoptosis induction in T cells, surface mucins are cleaved and released by ADAM10 to promote efferocytosis of the apoptotic cells.

Basophils have been implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as evidenced by the fact that basophil-deficient mice do not develop the disease. Here, the authors demonstrate that PD-L1 and IL-4 expression in basophils promotes the pathogenic accumulation of follicular helper T cells in patients with SLE and murine models.

Cellular stresses can alter ribosome synthesis and induce proliferation arrest or apoptosis. Here, the authors find that the protein SURF2 regulates cell stress responses by binding and buffering free 5S ribonucleoprotein particles.

The LITMUS consortium provides a resource of rodent MASLD models benchmarked against metabolic, histologic and transcriptomic features that are relevant for human MASLD. The work is useful for selecting relevant rodent models for studying this common disease.

A cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci, reveals putative causal genes, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as potential drug targets, and provides cross-ancestry integrative risk prediction.

Cold atoms inertial sensors offer great precision and sensitivity, yet their use in mobile applications has been hindered by the effects of rotations on their measurements. Here, authors demonstrate an atom interferometer operating over a wide range of orientations and rotation rates, thanks to hybridisation with accelerometers and gyroscopes.

Monitoring of co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 variants is important to evaluate their clinical impact and the risk of emergence of recombinants. Here, the authors develop and validate a methodological pipeline to detect co-infections and apply it to samples from France in early 2022, when Delta and Omicron were co-circulating.

Govaere et al. integrate circulating protein data from more than 300 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with transcriptomics and develop a non-invasive diagnostics tool to identify patients with at-risk NAFLD based on body mass index, type 2 diabetes status and four circulating proteins.

Physical characterisation of proteins is challenging. Here the authors report single-molecule microfluidic diffusional sizing (smMDS) to enable calibration-free single-molecule diffusional-sizing based monitoring of protein hydrodynamic radii even within heterogenous multicomponent mixtures.

The Drosophila tumour necrosis factor (TNF) system comprises a single ligand Eiger (Egr) and two receptors. The structure of Egr in complex with the extracellular ___domain of the receptor Grindelwald and accompanying data suggest that distinct affinities of TNF ligand for its receptors mediate non-redundant functions.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Ankylosing spondylitis is a common, highly inheritable inflammatory arthritis with poorly understood biology. Here Brown, Cortes and colleagues use fine mapping of the major histocompatibility complex and identify novel associations, and identify other HLA alleles that like HLA-B27 interact with ERAP1 variants to influence disease risk.

Natural Killer cell development is controlled by two related transcription factors, Eomes and T-bet. Authors show here that while the two factors share a large proportion of their target genes, they regulate distinct developmental processes by differing in their pattern of expression and in their associated co-factors.

Understanding the cellular target of hit compounds from phenotypic screens presents a major challenge yet is essential in the development of chemical probes. Here, the authors reveal the target of Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor-1, by converting it to a bifunctional degrader, to be BET bromodomains.

In hepatocellular carcinoma driven by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, aberrant T cell activation and impaired immune surveillance seem to make hepatocellular carcinoma less responsive to anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 immunotherapy.

COVID-19-related travel restrictions were imposed in China around the same time as major annual holiday migrations, with unknown combined impacts on mobility patterns. Here, the authors show that restructuring of the travel network in response to restrictions was temporary, whilst holiday-related travel increased pressure on healthcare services with lower capacity.

Minimally invasive surgeries call for surgical tools that can work at the mesoscale. Here, Gu et al. present a class of magnetic soft robotic chains that can self fold into large assemblies with stable configurations using a combination of elastic and magnetic energies stored in printed chain material.

There are limitations with current protein sensing methods. Here the authors report DigitISA, a digital immunosensor assay based on microchip electrophoretic separation and single-molecule detection that enables quantitation of protein biomarkers in a single, solution-phase step.

Benchmarking of tumor subclonal reconstruction algorithms finds that interalgorithm variability overwhelms intertumor variability and identifies key quality metrics.

Social interaction involves processing semantic and emotional information. Here the authors show that in the macaque monkey lateral and superior temporal sulcus, cortical activity is enhanced in response to species-specific vocalisations predicted by matching face or social visual stimuli but inhibited when vocalisations are incongruent with the predictive visual context.

How accurate are social scientists in predicting societal change, and what processes underlie their predictions? Grossmann et al. report the findings of two forecasting tournaments. Social scientists’ forecasts were on average no more accurate than those of simple statistical models.

The InSight lander has expanded our knowledge of the atmosphere of Mars by observing various phenomena, including airglow, bores, infrasound and Earth-like turbulence.

Boron-nitride-supported graphene transistors show prominent current and noise temperature saturation due to hyperbolic phonon emission by non-equilibrium electron–hole pairs.

A supergene controlling social behaviour arose in the common ancestor of six ant species by the sequential incorporation of three inversions.

RNA regulatory elements (RREs) are important post-transcriptional control features but studying them requires disrupting their activity without disturbing cellular homeostasis. Here the authors present GenERA, a CRISPR-Cas9 screening platform of in situ analysis of native RREs.

Mobilizing haematopoietic stem cells to the peripheral blood has largely replaced bone marrow transplants as a strategy in the clinic. Here, Cao et al. report the use of an α₉β₁/α₄β₁integrin antagonist to induce rapid mobilization of blood stem cells from the bone marrow in a humanized mouse model.

La Crosse is a human life threatening virus belonging to the Bunyavirales order. The structure of its polymerase solved in seven key active states by cryo-electron microscopy reveals the molecular mechanisms of viral RNA replication and transcription.

Venus' mesosphere is a transition region between the retrograde super rotation at the top of the thick clouds and the solar-antisolar circulation in the thermosphere. The mesospheric distributions of HF, HCl, H₂O and HDO are reported, and an unexpected extensive layer of warm air at altitudes 90–120 km on the nightside is found.

Phosphorus (P) limitation is pervasive in tropical forests. Here the authors analyse the dependence of photosynthesis on leaf N and P in tropical forests, and show that incorporating leaf P constraints in a terrestrial biosphere model enhances its predictive power.

This mathematical modelling study projects the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in England until the end of 2022 assuming that the Omicron BA.2 sublineage remains dominant. They show that booster vaccination was highly effective in mitigating severe outcomes and that future dynamics will depend greatly on assumptions about waning immunity.

The Martian atmosphere hosts water-ice clouds, but it is thought that any snow precipitation settles slowly, rather than in storms. Martian meteorology simulations suggest that localized convective snowstorms can occur on Mars during the night.

Giacomo Cavalli, Frédéric Bantignies and colleagues report the establishment of stable and isogenic Drosophila lines carrying alternative epialleles, defined by different levels of H3K27me3. They show that environmental changes modulate the expressivity of the epialleles and that epilines can be reset to a naive state, thus indicating that the inheritance of this phenotypic variability is epigenetic.

Evaluations of the UK’s contact tracing programme have shown that it has had limited impact on COVID-19 control. Here, the authors show that with high levels of reporting and adherence, contact tracing could reduce transmission, but it should not be used as the sole control measure.

Many countries have closed schools as part of their COVID-19 response. Here, the authors model SARS-CoV-2 transmission on a network of schools and households in England, and find that risk of transmission between schools is lower if primary schools are open than if secondary schools are open.

Sjögren’s syndrome, a disease that primarily affects women, is poorly understood. Here, the authors combine data from a large cohort of patients and healthy controls to identify biomarkers that distinguish patient subgroups to improve our understanding of the disease and facilitate drug development.

BepiColombo mission had two Venus flybys on its way to Mercury. Here, the authors show that during its second flyby of Venus BepiColombo has crossed the stagnation region, which was predicted by the models.

Climate change will alter the distribution of tuna, impacting the economies of Pacific Small Island Developing States. This study finds that greater greenhouse gas emissions will worsen these impacts.

Terrestrial vegetation contributes to the seasonal variation of atmospheric mercury concentrations, according to analyses of atmospheric trace gas dynamics and satellite data. The data show that the photosynthetic activity of vegetation correlates with atmospheric mercury.

The sensitivity of terrestrial net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) to climate remains a major source of uncertainty. Here, the authors identify a precipitation threshold of between 750-950 mm yr⁻¹ for the contiguous United States, beyond which NEE is regulated by respiration rather than production.

Matthew Brown and colleagues identify multiple susceptibility variants for ankylosing spondylitis through an association study based on high-density genotyping of immune-related loci. Their findings implicate numerous biological pathways in the pathogenesis of this disease and highlight shared risk factors with other autoimmune diseases.

A detailed atmospheric methane record from the EPICA Dome C ice core that extends the history of atmospheric methane to 800,000 years before present is detailed. Spectral analyses indicate that the long-term variability in atmospheric methane levels is dominated by ∼100,000 year glacial–interglacial cycles up to ∼400,000 years ago with an increasing contribution of the precessional component during the four more recent climatic cycles.

Inverse modelling is used to quantify variations in methane emissions from different sources from 1983–2004 reveals that a decrease in the growth rate of atmospheric methane during the 1990s was caused by a decrease in anthropogenic emissions, but that anthropogenic emissions have increased again since 1999.