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As corals struggle to survive under climate change, it is crucial to know whether they can withstand increasing seawater temperatures. Using a controlled thermal stress experiment across three divergent coral holobionts, this study examines metatranscriptomic responses to heat stress corresponding to the coral host, photosymbionts and associated microbiota.

Analyses of the proportions of individuals who have completed key levels of schooling across all low- and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2017 reveal inequalities across countries as well as within populations.

High-resolution subnational mapping of child growth failure indicators for 105 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017 shows that, despite considerable progress, substantial geographical inequalities still exist in some countries.

Although progress in the coverage of routine measles vaccination in children in low- and middle-income countries was made during 2000–2019, many countries remain far from the goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. In this Review, various unmet needs in the management of SSc–ILD are discussed, and solutions are proposed to help improve outcomes for these patients.

Emphasizing the co-benefits of climate policy can motivate action across ideological, age and gender divides regardless of existing levels of concern about climate change, as global survey data shows.

Fine-scale geospatial mapping of overweight and wasting (two components of the double burden of malnutrition) in 105 LMICs shows that overweight has increased from 5.2% in 2000 to 6.0% in children under 5 in 2017. Although overall wasting decreased over the same period, most countries are not on track to meet the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025.

Oncolytic viruses can infect and destroy tumour tissues; however, many have proven less effective in clinical trials than anticipated. Miest and Cattaneo outline strategies to enhance the efficacy of next-generation virotherapy and to provide the clinic with a range of viruses that are engineered to safely and specifically destroy cancer cells.

The cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in secretion. Here Tran et al.demonstrate that cortical actin is rearranged at the site of vesicle fusion and recruited to fused secretory granules in Drosophila salivary glands, and show that branched actin nucleators are required for cargo expulsion.

JWST–NIRSpec spectroscopic confirmation of two luminous galaxies is presented, proving that luminous galaxies were already in place 300 million years after the Big Bang and are more common than what was expected before JWST.

Yuan and colleagues developed an artificial intelligence-based method to derive growth patterns and morphological features from hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of lung adenocarcinoma samples, for improved tumor grading and patient prognostication.

At high pressure, water forms superionic ice with an oxygen lattice and melted liquid hydrogens, which could exist on ice-rich planets. Here, Sun et al. predict a new phase of superionic ice where the hydrogens preferentially diffuse in two-dimensions within oxygen superlattice with the P2₁/c symmetry.

Tumor-associated dendritic cells are defective in their ability to cross-present antigens, and they accumulate lipid bodies. Here the authors show that this defect is due to an impaired trafficking of peptide-MHC class I caused by the interaction of electrophilic lipids with chaperone heat shock protein 70.

Soils constructed from mine waste can help mitigate future mining-related carbon dioxide emissions by as much as 1 Gt CO₂eq in Brazil through supporting ecosystem carbon stock recovery, suggest estimates derived from geospatial analysis of legal mining activity and soil carbon in Brazil.

The subtle connections between water’s supercooled liquid and glassy states are difficult to characterize. Gartner et al. suggest with MD simulations that the long-range structure of glassy water may reflect signatures of water’s debated second critical point in the supercooled liquid.

Density functional theory calculations can be carried out with different levels of accuracy, forming a hierarchy that is often represented by the rungs of a ladder. Now a new method has been developed that significantly improves the accuracy of the 'third rung' when calculating the properties of diversely bonded systems.

Conflicting findings from neuroimaging and patient-lesion studies have led to confusion regarding the parietal cortex's contribution to episodic memory. Cabeza and colleagues evaluate the hypotheses that have been put forward to explain these findings and discuss their attention-based hypothesis.

Roberto Torelli and colleagues propose a numerical framework to characterize fuel injection in internal combustion engines at multiple length and time scales. The approach demonstrates potential for increased fidelity in the flow dynamics by means of an affordable end-to-end methodology that links realistic injection operation to fuel combustion and engine emissions.

Oncolytic viruses can be reprogrammed into vectors for use in cancer therapy by combining three types of modification: targeting, arming and shielding. Roberto Cattaneo and colleagues discuss the principles of virus reprogramming using adenovirus, a DNA virus with a naked icosahedral capsid, and measles virus, an enveloped RNA virus with a helical capsid, as the main examples.

Intravital microscopy (IVM) techniques are used to visualize intact and live tissues at the cellular and subcellular level. In this Primer, Scheele, Herrmann et al. discuss IVM in rodents, outlining challenges and opportunities for using the technique.

LaBar and Cabeza review the powerful effects of emotion on memory. These influences are mediated by the amygdala and its interactions with medial temporal and prefrontal regions, and affect memory from the encoding and consolidation stages through to long-term retrieval.

Processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ion battery packs from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.

A stable crystal phase and two metastable liquid phases of the ST2 model of water exist at the same deeply supercooled condition, and the two liquids undergo a first-order liquid–liquid transition that meets stringent thermodynamic criteria.