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The cross-population Sum of Single Effects (SuSiEx) model is a robust and computationally efficient method for conducting multi-ancestry fine-mapping of genome-wide association signals, producing smaller credible sets and capturing population-specific causal variants.

Orthogonal acute inducible degradation cell lines are used to delineate the mechanisms of how extrusive cohesin, cohesive cohesin and condensin interact to remodel chromosome architecture from interphase to mitosis.

Yeast helicase Prp28 promotes the first step of spliceosome remodeling. By placing a photoactivatable unnatural amino acid in Prp28, the authors capture Prp28 in action revealing its dynamic interactions and cofactor Npl3.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Here authors show that EVs derived from hepatocellular carcinomas may contain the long noncoding RNA, HDAC2-AS2, which suppresses antitumour CD8 + T cells by interfering with transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of their activated, cytotoxic functional state.

Underpotential deposition (UPD) is important to modify the surface properties of nanocrystals. Here, the authors show the application of in situ electrochemical dark field spectroscopy in identifying the UPD processes of silver on different facets of gold nanocrystals at the single nanoparticle level.

Simultaneous control of the direction and polarization of quantum emission using photonic nanostructures is a long-standing challenge in photonics. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate unidirectional chiral emission from a twisted bilayer metasurface with multi-dimensional control.

The role of human glioma IDH1 mutations in regulation of antiviral response is unclear. Here, the authors show that D2HG produced by mutant IDH1 inhibits IFN antiviral responses in glioma cells, which confers sensitivity to oncolytic virotherapy.

Efficient catalysts for seawater electrolysis are crucial for sustainable hydrogen production but struggle with slow kinetics and low durability. Here, the authors report a molybdenum nitride catalyst that in situ generates ammonium groups, enhancing both performance and stability in natural seawater.

Impaired mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation (mtLCFAO) in type 2 alveolar epithelial (AT2) cells is thought to aggravate alveolar inflammation in acute lung injury. Here, the authors show that the mtLCFAO rate limiting enzyme CPT1a is decreased in AT2 cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome, highlighting the role of mtLCFAO in immunometabolism in this context.

Limited whole genome sequencing (WGS) of Asian populations results in a lack of representative reference panels, hindering imputation of Asian ancestry-specific genetic variants. Here the authors use WGS data from 11,067 individuals across 17 Asian countries to create a new reference panel which shows improved imputation accuracy for South Asian populations.

Time-series single-cell transcriptomic characterization of luteal-phase endometrium in fertile women with a variational autoencoder model uncovers the association of decreased epithelial receptivity and hyperinflammatory microenvironment in recurrent implantation failures.

Distinct activity patterns along the CA1 transverse axis during object-related event coding, as well as spatial and non-spatial contextual coding, shed light on the selective processing of information within the entorhinal-hippocampal network.

Spatially resolved images of M87 obtained at a wavelength of 3.5 mm in 2018 show a ring-like accretion structure, the inner (outer) edge of which connects the black hole (jet).

An interim analysis of a single-arm trial in 5 children with hereditary deafness shows that binaural AAV gene therapy is safe and leads to hearing improvement up to 13–26 weeks of follow-up.

An analysis of 140 floras from China reveals that high species diversity exists in granite and mixed landforms, while low species diversity is found in karst, Danxia, and desert landforms. Based on these findings, the authors provide new clues for understanding the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, highlighting the role of bedrock and landform processes.

Merlin plays a crucial role as a tumour suppressor in liver tumorigenesis. Here, the authors show that a splicing variant of Merlin that lacks exons 2,3 and 4 (^Δ2–4Merlin) is highly expressed in hepatocarcinoma and promotes tumour metastasis by interfering with the binding of wild-type Merlin to ß-catenin.

Tailored to provide diabetes management recommendations from large training and validation datasets, an artificial intelligence system integrating language and computer vision capabilities is shown to improve self-management of patients in a prospective implementation study.

Here, the authors present MCGLPPI, a mesoscopic-scale machine learning framework for modeling protein structures. Using coarse-grained models, MCGLPPI achieves accurate, low-cost PPI predictions compared to its atom- and residue-scale counterparts.

An increase in glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) activity, a key enzyme for glycine catabolism, has been associated to tumourigenesis. Here, the authors show that mTORC1 activation induces GLDC deacetylation which impairs its ubiquitin-associated degradation leading to increased GLDC activity and tumourigenesis.

Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have been investigated as a potential treatment for Covid-19 in several clinical trials. Here the authors report a meta-analysis of published and unpublished trials, and show that treatment with hydroxychloroquine for patients with Covid-19 was associated with increased mortality, and there was no benefit from chloroquine.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

Low level of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) activity in cancer cells is essential for the dependence on aerobic glycolysis. Here the authors show that PKM2 sulfhydration by hydrogen sulfide destabilizes the PKM2 tetramer, leading to reduced PKM2 enzyme activity and enhanced proliferation of breast cancer cells.

The enzyme cGAS induces innate immune responses upon recognition of cytosolic DNA. Here, using in vitro and in vivo models, the authors identify DNA-PK as a negative regulator of cGAS signalling.

How Draper activates phagocytosis is not well understood. Here, the authors show that two Drosophila galectins, Hdg and Ctg, are secreted from hemocytes after dendrite injury and bridge phosphatidylserine and Draper to active phagocytosis.

In the phase 2 trial NEOSUMMIT-01, perioperative treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma with anti-PD-1 and SOX/XELOX versus SOX/XELOX alone improved pathological complete response or near-complete response rate.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

EY6A, a neutralizing antibody isolated from a patient convalescing from COVID-19, binds the receptor binding ___domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with high affinity, at a ___location away from the binding site for the ACE2 receptor, similar to the one recognized by CR3022.

Commercial complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor and resistive random-access memory technologies can be used to create multibit compute-in-memory circuits capable of fast and energy-efficient inference for use in small artificial intelligence edge devices.

Pyroptosis and ferroptosis are typically induced by metal species or chemotherapeutic drugs, and able to boost a robust antitumor immunity, however their therapeutic uses have been hindered by the risks arising from metal species or chemotherapeutic drugs. Here the authors report a pyroptosis and ferroptosis dual-inducer based on non-metallic AIEgen-based covalent organic frameworks.

In this triple-arm, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, first-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer with the anti-PD-L1 benmelstobart, tyrosine kinase inhibitor anlotinib and chemotherapy (CT) showed improved survival outcomes compared with anlotinib and CT or CT alone.

This study introduces a ChickenGTEx atlas of regulatory variants across 28 tissues and illustrates its utility in deciphering association signals for 39 complex traits in chickens.

A deep learning algorithm shows promising performance in predicting progression to diabetic retinopathy in patients, up to 5 years in advance, potentially providing support for medical treatment decisions and indications for personalized screening frequency in a real-world cohort.

KtrAB complex is essential in K⁺ uptake for bacteria. Here authors illustrate the synergism of ATP and Na⁺ in activating K+ uptake of KtrAB from Bacillus subtilis and its gating mechanism, which may also shed light on other Na⁺-activated K⁺ channels.

Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces have complex life cycles involving cellular differentiation and multicellular structures that have never been observed in archaea. Here, the authors show that several halophilic archaea display a life cycle resembling that of Streptomyces bacteria, undergoing cellular differentiation into mycelia and spores.

The effect of head positioning in acute stroke is controversial. Here, the authors report the results of a clinical trial suggesting that the procedure, initiated within 24 hours of onset, is safe and feasible, but does not improve functional outcome in acute moderate stroke patients with large artery atherosclerosis.