Search

Sun et al. identify the deubiquitinase USP15 as a regulator of PARP1 stability in triple-negative breast cancer and show that the hormone receptors ER, PR and HER2 inhibit USP15-mediated PARP1 stabilization, modulating base excision repair.

Robust estimates of either urban expansion worldwide or the effects of such phenomenon on terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) are lacking. Here the authors used the new dataset of global land use to show that the global urban areas expanded largely between 2000 and 2010, which in turn reduced terrestrial NPP globally.

Single-cell RNA sequencing is used to generate a dataset covering all major human organs in both adult and fetal stages, enabling comparison with similar datasets for mouse tissues.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data across 2,658 tumors spanning 38 cancer types shows that chromothripsis is pervasive, with a frequency of more than 50% in several cancer types, contributing to oncogene amplification, gene inactivation and cancer genome evolution.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Efficient, large-scale genomic analysis is facilitated on the cloud by a computational tool with error-diagnosing and self-healing capabilities.

Metastasis is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Here, the authors report a pro-metastatic role of PRAK in breast cancer lung metastasis via a mechanism involving enhanced HIF-1α translation, and propose PRAK targeting as a strategy to treat metastasis.

Here the authors develop a mucosal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and show immunogenicity and protection in mice as well as reduced virus transmission in hamsters. This protein vaccine consists of a stabilized spike protein fused to monomeric IgG Fc, supporting its transport across epithelial barriers by binding to the neonatal Fc receptor.

The Mexican axolotl is a well-established tetrapod model for regeneration and development. Here the authors report a scRNA-seq method to profile neotenic, metamorphic and limb development stages, highlighting unique perturbation patterns of cell type-related gene expression throughout metamorphosis.

SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals are a public health concern. Here, the authors analyse the clinical characteristics and profile immune alterations among vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents with Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection in Guangzhou.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing of seven mouse developmental stages identifies lineage-specific and shared regulatory programs controlling cell-fate decisions. Cross-species analysis associates differentiation potency with ribosomal protein gene expression.

Chiral receptors with an endo-functionalized cavity for chiral recognition are of interest in the field of molecular recognition. Here, the authors develop chiral naphthotubes containing a bis-thiourea endo-functionalized cavity to effectively recognize neutral chiral molecules with high enantioselectivity.

ACE inhibitors are widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases and promote angiogenesis. Here, the authors show a central role for endothelial USP7-Sp1/Sp3-Notch1 signalling in pathophysiological angiogenesis in response to ACE inhibitor treatment.

While the role of PbTiO₃ in PbTiO₃/SrTiO₃ superlattices has been widely studied, little attention is paid to possible polar topologies in SrTiO₃. Here, the authors create atomic-scale vortex–antivortex pairs in the superlattices, expanding the understanding of topological structures.

Dongxin Lin, Philip Taylor, Li-Dong Wang and colleagues have now pooled three genome-wide association analyses of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, finding two new risk loci at genome-wide significance and an HLA class II locus of significance in high-risk populations. They reanalyze the strength of evidence for previously published risk loci.

Dongxin Lin and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Chinese populations, identifying nine new susceptibility loci. They also perform a genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis with alcohol consumption, a known risk factor for ESCC.

In the process of generating antibody diversity, DNA in the V(D)J locus undergoes programmed double-strand breaks that are made by the Rag1–Rag 2 complex. These breaks are repaired by the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway. Cells deficient in NHEJ factors show very low levels of recombinants, so it was believed there might be another repair pathway. But this paper shows that an alternative NHEJ pathway exists, and that it functions at low levels even in wild-type cells.

The charge transfer between two layers of different two-dimensional materials occurs at a much faster speed than expected, holding promise for efficient optoelectronic devices.

Base editors can efficiently produce single nucleotide alterations without requiring a double-strand break. Here the authors show base editing at multiple sites simultaneously in pigs.

Microwell-seq is used to generate single-cell, whole-body expression landscapes of zebrafish, Drosophila and earthworm. A deep-learning model, Nvwa, predicts gene expression from DNA sequence and identifies regulatory programs shared across eight species.

The crystal structure of Drosophila melanogaster YL1 in complex with an H2A.Z–H2B dimer exposes a selective recognition mechanism distinct from those of other H2A.Z chaperones and suggests a hierarchical transfer mechanism mediating H2A.Z deposition.

The development of synthetic host-guest systems for stimuli-responsive molecular recognition in water is challenging. Here, the authors report a pair of water-soluble naphthotubes with a pH-responsive cavity for which switchable bifunctional recognition in water is achieved.

In molecular junctions, where a molecule is placed between two electrodes, the current passed decays exponentially as a function of length. Here, Chen et al. show that this exponentially attenuation can be controlled by changing a single atom at the end of the molecular wire.

The majority of polar structures emerging naturally in ferroelectrics are topologically trivial. Here, the authors demonstrate reconstruction of topologically trivial strip-like ___domain architecture into arrays of polar vortex in (PbTiO₃)₁₀/(SrTiO₃)₁₀ superlattice.

Dongxin Lin, Chen Wu and colleagues identify a LINC00673 variant that associates with pancreatic cancer risk in Han Chinese cohorts. They show that the variant creates a target site for miR-1231 and that LINC00673 regulates PTPN11 degradation and leads to altered SRC–ERK and STAT1-dependent signaling.

Dongxin Lin and colleagues report a genome-wide association study for pancreatic cancer in Chinese populations. The authors identify five new genetic loci associated with risk of pancreatic cancer.

Inspired by the processes of thrombus formation and thrombolysis in blood vessels, the authors here construct an electrochemically recoverable protective layer of polysulfides using an electrolyte additive, realizing high performance Li–S batteries.

The authors have developed a new method, metagenome-wide association study (MGWAS), to compare the combined genetic content of the faecal microbiota of healthy people versus patients with type 2 diabetes; they identify multiple microbial species and metabolic pathways that are associated with either cohort and show that some of these may be used as biomarkers.

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to suffer from more severe COVID-19. Tong et al. identify a glucose-like metabolite that is reduced in patients with diabetes and has the ability to prevent cellular infection by SARS-CoV-2

Genome-wide association analyses across individuals of East Asian and European ancestries identify new risk loci for inflammatory bowel diseases. A polygenic risk score derived from the combined datasets shows improved prediction accuracy.

This paper placed the identified Mariana type ophiolite within a global tectonic re-organization at ca. 530-520 Ma. Similar ophiolites, together with other geological and chemical proxies, newly constrained the timing of establishment of modern plate tectonics, along with its links to surficial changes that characterize the contemporary Earth.