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R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.

DNA Damage Regulated Autophagy Modulator 1 (DRAM1) plays pivotal roles in autophagy regulation. Here, the authors show that DRAM1 stabilizes lysosomal VAMP8, thereby promoting autolysosome maturation. Furthermore, they establish that DRAM1–VAMP8 axis enhances autophagic flux and facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma extravasation, as validated in both zebrafish xenograft and mouse metastatic models.

Proteome profiling of plasma samples in human pan-cancer cohorts reveals patterns of biomarkers for diagnosis.

Nerve fibers relaying pain information from peripheral organs are normally supported by specialized glial cells called nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Here, the authors show that a secreted factor, SEMA3B, promotes nerve fiber-Schwann cell interactions necessary for suppressing pathological pain.

Integrated optical frequency combs are powerful tools for optical spectroscopy. Here, authors demonstrate low-power, detectable-rate soliton microcombs from telecom to visible bands, including wavelength-multiplexed operation, using ultra-low-loss silicon nitride waveguides.

Fan et al. show that cTAGE5 is essential for adipogenesis and adipose tissue development. Mechanistically, cTAGE5 promotes pro-insulin receptor processing, which mediates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and lipolysis during the adipocyte differentiation.

Torpor is an adaptive hypometabolic state in response to energy scarcity. Here, Cheng et al. show that catecholaminergic neurons in the ventrolateral medulla induce torpor in mice by lowering body temp and heart rate (heart rate decline precedes cooling).

A versatile nano-adaptor is used to construct multi-specific nano-antibodies for treatment of tumours in mice.

Stress stimulation-mediated liquid-liquid phase separation is an essential feature of living organisms, but its biophysical characteristics are poorly understood. Here, the authors report a UV-light stress stimulation behaviour in a binary community of synthetic protocells of condensates and proteinosomes, showing that condensates could behave like condensate pumps to enable a stepwise controlled transmembrane mass transfer regardless of the permeability barrier of proteinosomes.

Single-cell data analysis is challenging due to inherent noise and sparsity. Here, authors introduce scMINER, a mutual information-based integrative tool to enhance clustering and reveal regulatory networks and hidden biological drivers by transforming scRNA-seq expression into activity profiles.

First-instar orchid mantis nymphs avoid predators by mimicking black-red assassin bugs, whereas those in later instars avoid predators and attract prey by camouflaging themselves as lighter-coloured flowers. Here the authors use developmental transcriptomics, evolutionary genomics and predation experiments to reveal that this ontogenetic colour change is regulated by a pigment transporter called Redboy that emerged in Polyneoptera 284–197 million years ago.

Traditional lithographic techniques could damage organic semiconductor crystals due to high-energy beams or solvents. Here, authors employ a chemical-free nanoimprint crystallography method for fabrication of independent complex 2D patterns that exhibit good lasing performance and reproducibility.

The authors present an efficient hot-electron generation system facilitated by the spin-exchange Auger process in Mn2 + -doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots. These hot electrons can be used in a wide range of organic reactions, such as the Birch reduction and reductive cleavage of C-Cl, C-Br, C-I, C-O, C-C, and N-S bonds.

A dynamic Cu–Pt dual-atom catalyst supported on 1Tʹ-MoS₂ can be electrically switched between single- and dual-atom configurations, enabling on-demand control for alkyne semi-hydrogenation.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

The RNA binding protein hnRNPL is recruited to chromatin by the PIK3CB promoter-transcribed non-coding RNA and forms phase-separated condensates, which activates PIK3CB transcription and glycolysis, thus promoting ovarian cancer progression.

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants. Here, the authors rationally design a range of DHAD inhibitors as herbicides and present the crystal structure of a lead compound in complex with Arabidopsis DHAD.

A novel covalent inhibitor, ISM3312, targets the main protease of multiple human coronaviruses, including drug-resistant strains, and shows broad antiviral activity. It offers a promising therapeutic strategy against current and future coronavirus threats.

Long-term observations show that a rising fraction of ammonium nitrate in PM_2.5 reduces aerosol acidity, suppressing the heterogeneous conversion from NO₂ to HONO. This weakens its contribution to the HONO source and atmospheric oxidation capacity.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) has been identified to play a role in tumour progression but its involvement in anti-tumour immunity of esophagael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here the authors report that the inhibition of STING-mediated anti-tumour immunity by HMGA1 results in promotion of ESCC tumorigenesis.

This work reveals an unusual T⁴ temperature dependence of the electronic thermal conductivity at ultralow temperatures and a strong violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law in the topological compensated semimetals TaAs₂, NbAs₂, and NdSb.

There is interest in methods to extend products shelf-life to reduce food waste. Here, the authors report on an amyloid-like protein coating that extends fruit shelf-life 2-5 times by blocking microbes and moisture loss, preserving nutrients, cutting waste and reducing the need for cold chain storage and transport.

NiFe-based catalysts are promising for water oxidation in alkaline electrolytes, but their dynamic structure under operation hinders the establishment of design principles for improved catalytic performance. Now a water oxidation mechanism on mixed NiFe hydroxide catalysts is proposed that involves dissolved FeO₄²⁻ species acting as co-catalysts.

A facile light-triggered doping strategy involving a series of inactive photoactivable dopants is described that facilitates tunable regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors, resulting in stable patterning of the doping profile at record high resolutions.

Holmium doping endows upconversion nanoparticles with a dual-reservoir-level mechanism for parallel photon avalanche emission, enabling tunable chromaticity at room temperature, nonlinearity index up to 22 and spatial resolution for multicolour biological imaging down to 78 nm.

The roles of liver-specific genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be explored. Here the authors report that PGRMC1, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC by inhibiting c-Myc protein translation via activation of PERK independent of ER stress.

A DNA-based storage system for biomedical images is proposed, combining compression, error correction and deep learning repair. It achieves 97.20% image quality at 7× coverage depth, demonstrating high compression and fault tolerance.

Oxidative stress contributes significantly to postmenopausal osteoporosis by impairing osteoblast function, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that estrogen deficiency reduces GPX4 expression, leading to phospholipid peroxidation that impairs osteoblastogenesis, while GPX4 activators including 6- and 8-Gingerols can mitigate these effects.

Using multistate models, the authors examine the effects of loneliness and social isolation on the transition from a healthy state to cardiovascular disease, subsequent depression and death.

Cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome features non-motor dysfunctions such as anxiety. Here, authors show that the cerebellum projects to zona incerta through excitatory and inhibitory transmissions to modulate anxiety in a plasticity-dependent manner.

A high-resolution terrain dataset was developed for the CE-6 landing site, revealing that its exposure age lies between CE-4 and CE-5 sites, with diverse material sources and covered by ejecta from a nearby 51-meter crater.

A paddle-like self-stirring nanoreactor system with spatially isolated multifunctional components is successfully constructed. The rotation–revolution pattern enhances the internal and reverse dual-dynamic diffusion processes, thus effectively boosting the cascade efficiency.

The immune response of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer remains low and new adjuvant targets are in demand. By in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screening that targets membrane and secreted proteins genes, the authors identify that disrupting MBTPS1 in tumor cells upregulates STAT1-transcribed chemokines, promotes CXCR3⁺ CD8 T cells infiltration and potentiates anti-PD-1 therapy.

GluA2-containing AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are not Ca²⁺ impermeable, and their ability to transport Ca²⁺ is shaped by the subunit composition of AMPAR tetramers as well as the orientation of transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins and cornichon auxiliary subunits.

Using two-point optical frequency division based on a frequency-agile single-mode dispersive wave, a microwave signal source with record-low phase noise using a microcomb is demonstrated, offering over tenfold lower phase noise than state-of-the-art approaches.