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The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Rhizosphere viruses mediate arsenic (As) biogeochemistry by promoting lysogeny in As-oxidizing microbes. Metagenomics, metabolic modeling, and in vitro experiments estimate rhizosphere lysogenic viruses contribute to up to 25% of microbial As oxidation.

Succinylation of PD-L1 by carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) in melanoma leads to its degradation and enhanced T cell-dependent killing in vitro. Increasing CPT1A levels synergizes with anti-CTLA-4 treatment to suppress tumor growth in a mouse melanoma model.

Glioma is a complex disease, and prognosis can depend on clinical, genomic and radiological information. Here, the authors develop a multimodal fusion subtyping model to integrate data modalities for predicting glioma subtypes.

Layered Ni-rich oxide cathodes are susceptible to challenges with surface reconstruction and strain propagation, limiting their cyclability. The authors propose a solution involving oriented attachment-driven reactions, utilizing Wadsley–Roth nanocrystals and layered oxide to induce an epitaxial entropy-assisted coating, effectively addressing these issues.

Oxygen redox instability at high voltages hinders the application of high-energy battery cathodes. Here the authors report that elimination of ___domain boundaries in single-crystal cathodes improves the redox stability and consequently the electrochemical performance in extended high-voltage cycling.

The immune regulatory mechanism for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains elusive. Here, the authors identify a c-kit⁺ cDC1 subset, which can be depleted by Desulfovibrio_sp.-induced H₂S via autophagic cell death and contributing to uncontrolled inflammation for MASH progression.

PTOV1 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer. Mechanistically, PTOV1 directly binds to ZNF449, and then the complex synergistically promotes the transcription of MYC. The PTOV1/ZNF449/MYC axis may be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.

A microcavity exciton–polariton system based on aligned and packed single-walled carbon nanotubes exhibits ultrastrong coupling. The coupling strength is polarization sensitive. The record high value of vacuum Rabi splitting, 329 meV, is reported.

Nanoparticles with precisely controlled socketed geometries, created via an ex-solution method, present promising ways to improve the stability of heterogeneous catalysts. Here, the authors demonstrate that adjusting the level of La deficiencies in the oxide support allows tuning of the geometry of Pd-based particles, which in turn influences their catalytic performance in high-temperature oxidation reactions.

Ancient DNA, stable isotopes and other archaeological methods establish that humans were living at extremely high elevation on the Tibetan Plateau 4,400 years ago, maintaining sedentary lifestyles that combined fishing, hunting and crop exchange.

It remains unclear if the benefits of a healthy lifestyle outweigh the influence of genetics on the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. Here the authors find that adherence to a favorable lifestyle even in late-life might offset the genetic risk for accelerated cognitive decline.

Age is closely related to health, but chronologically defined age often disagrees with biological age. Here, the authors develop an indicator of biological age - LensAge index - to reveal individuals’ aging level, and it can be implemented with smartphones, showing potential for self-monitoring of aging.

Intensive research efforts are underway to enable applications of layered lithium transition metal oxides in batteries. Here the authors report an oxidative chemical vapour deposition technique to conformally coat both the primary and the secondary particles of these oxides to unleash potential applications.

Searches for metastable states with properties not found in thermal equilibrium have been restricted to either ultrafast or slow timescales. A metastable state in an intermediate time window has now been identified in a photo-doped Mott insulator.

This study identifies parallel gut–brain pathways that fine-tune feeding. Distinct brainstem neurons and visceral afferents either sense esophageal stretch to regulate eating speed or detect gut nutrients to shape long-term food choices and satiety.

Stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment are reported to regulate cancer stemness via biomechanical signals. Here the authors show that TAZ activated by biomechanical cues enhanced cancer stem cell properties via phase separation with Nanog.

Wireless bioelectronics integrates untethered controlled-release, wireless power and communication modules into drug delivery systems (DDSs), enabling dynamic, precise drug dosage and release adjustments and shaping the next generation of DDSs — wirelessly controlled DDSs (Will-DDSs).

The authors present a metasurface-assisted isotropic DIC microscopy technique. It is based on an original pattern of radial shear interferometry, that converts rectilinear shear into rotationally symmetric radial shear, enabling single-shot isotropic imaging capabilities.

Porphyrins are produced at scale through metabolic engineering and optimization of CPIII purification.

Li et al. demonstrate mitochondrial fission in macrophages as key for phagocytosis induced by therapeutic antibodies. They identify overexpression of GFPT2 as an inhibitor of the process and phase transition of the phagocytic machinery as its regulator.

Ultrafast laser excitation can generate metastable states in quantum materials, with no counterpart in equilibrium. Here the authors demonstrate a transient quadrupolar ordered state in Ca2RuO4 single crystals via excitation of a phonon mode coupled to the order parameter.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of homo- and heterodimers of mGlu2 and mGlu7 provide insights into their dimerization modes and the subunit conformational changes that characterize the activation of these class C G-protein-coupled receptors.

Hole and particle-like quasiparticles of a Mott insulator can pair into excitonic bound states. Now, time-resolved measurements of Sr₂IrO₄ show signs of an excitonic fluid forming from a photo-excited population of quasiparticles.

Multi-omic analysis of single nuclei from 12 human placentas collected during early-stage and late-stage pregnancy characterizes syncytiotrophoblast diversity. Gene regulatory network analysis implicates candidate lineage regulators such as STAT5A and CEBPB.

Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships may vary with climate. Here, the authors study relationships of plant and soil microbial diversity with soil nutrient multifunctionality in 130 dryland sites in China, finding a shift towards greater importance of soil microbial diversity in arid conditions.

Guo and colleagues characterize an intact Carnegie stage 7 human embryo at single-cell resolution in a spatially resolved manner.

Here the authors show that TET1 is required for the generation of functional insulin-producing cells, FOXA2 physically interacts with TET1 and contributes to specific recruitment of TET1 to mediate chromatin opening at the regulatory elements of pancreatic lineage determinants.

Here, the authors propose a Fourier-based metaprocessor to impart customized highly flexible transfer functions for analog computing. Differentiation and cross-correlation are performed to substantiate the ultracompact and high-throughput kernel processor.

Tuberal nucleus SST⁺ neurons respond to palatable food. The activity of these SST neurons together with their plastic inputs from the ventral subiculum play critical roles in contextually conditioned feeding.

Single-crystalline perovskite membranes with an ultrahigh dielectric constant show potential as a gate dielectric for two-dimensional field-effect transistors.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals mechanoresponsive fibroblasts as a key driver of keloid aggressiveness, with endothelial cell and keratinocyte transitions also involved, paving the way for deeper investigations into keloid pathogenesis.

Here authors present water molecular gating in nanofiltration membranes featuring graphene capillaries, which exhibit hindered osmotic diffusion while enabling swift water transport similar to Newton’s cradle-like Grotthus conduction.

Lipopolysaccharide-induced breakdown of the blood–brain barrier requires activation of GSDMD-mediated plasma membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis in brain endothelial cells.

Inorganic nanoparticles can accumulate in living organisms causing a dose-dependent increase in cellular reactive oxygen species. Here, the authors leverage this as a potential scheme for regulating metabolic disorders, showing that that low-dose nanoparticle administration can enhance lipid hydrolysis and alleviate fatty liver.

Super-resolution imaging based on autocorrelation with two-step deconvolution (SACD) enables recording super-resolution images with 128-nm spatial resolution over a field of view of 2.0 mm × 1.4 mm within a 10-min acquisition time.