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Reshaping of thiamine-dependent enzymes with ferrocene-mediated electrocatalysis can unlock an unnatural dynamic kinetic oxidation of α-branched aldehydes, providing new opportunities for making molecules.

Land surface modelling suggests that preserving woody debris in managed forests could remove 769–937 GtCO₂ from the atmosphere between 2025 and 2100.

Metal oxide semiconductor-based sensors are promising for hydrogen detection but their detection speed and selectivity are still limited. Here, a hydrogen sensor consisting of palladium single atom-doped tin oxide shows a response speed to hydrogen of 3 s and a detection limit of 50 parts per billion.

The thymus harbors a complex constitutively active inflammatory network with innate-like T cells representing one of its central nodes. Here, the authors show that these cells can induce tolerance to inflammation-associated self-antigens, a class of molecules that otherwise largely mirrors the spatial and temporal distribution of pathogen-derived antigens.

The instability of lipid nanoparticles during nebulization hinders inhaled mRNA vaccines. Here, the authors report on a charge-assisted stabilization strategy using a peptide-lipid conjugate to improve lipid nanoparticle stability, enabling mRNA-based mucosal vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and lung cancer.

Tuning the b-axis length of silicalite-1 crystals allows control over the migration–agglomeration–lockup of active metal species in zeolites, which enables the creation of stable and durable catalysts for propane dehydrogenation in industrial applications.

The suboptimal interfacial contacts between nickel oxide and self-assembled monolayers in wide bandgap subcells limit the photovoltaic efficiency and stability. Here, authors employ boric acid as an anchoring group for chemisorption, achieving efficiency of 28.5% for two-terminal tandem solar cells.

The genomic epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, which is rising in virulence and multidrug resistance, was explored. This study examined bloodstream infection isolates from Chinese patients in 2011–2021, revealing increased genetic diversity and dominance of highly virulent ST208.

Lu and colleagues show that signaling through the lactate receptor HCAR1 in colorectal tumor cells promotes the recruitment of immunosuppressive CCR2⁺ PMN-MDSCs and that inhibition of HCAR1 by reserpine augments the CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immune response.

In a large-scale, international, multicenter, phase 1/1b trial, treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors with the B7H3-targeting antibody–drug conjugate YL201 was safe and showed preliminary clinical efficacy.

Enzyme-bound ketyl radicals derived from thiamine diphosphate are selectively generated through single-electron oxidation by a photoexcited organic dye and shown to lead to enantioselective radical acylation reactions.

The ratio between the levels of two synaptic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid predicts future cognitive resilience versus decline among presymptomatic individuals and individuals with early Alzheimer’s disease harboring amyloid and tau pathology.

Optical activity resulting from electronic transitions in chiral inorganic materials is rare. Liu et al. report the synthesis of amino acid-derived amphiphile templated chiral TiO₂fibres, which exhibit an optical response to polarized light resulting from valence to conduction band electronic transitions.

Transcription elongation is an essential step for gene expression control but remains unclear during spermatogenesis. Here, the authors report that NKAPL, a testis-specific protein distantly related to RNA splicing factors, is a crucial regulator of transcription pause-release.

Blockade of CD47/SIRPα and CD24/Siglec-10 pathways can promote macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cells. Here the authors report the design of a peptide-antibody combo-supramolecular in situ assembled CD47 and CD24 bi-target inhibitor that enhances the phagocytic ability of macrophages and improves response to anti-PD-1 in preclinical cancer models.

Despite the enormous potential of magnetically-guided soft robots for various applications, challenges related to inefficient locomotion in harsh environments hinder its development. Here, the authors demonstrate a multi-legged millirobot with excellent locomotion capability in harsh environments.

Membranes with a balance between water permeability and salt rejection are desirable, and can be developed through self-assembly and aggregation. Here, the authors report a hydrogen-bonding strategy in a nanoconfined space to give controlled crystallisation, for membranes for reverse osmosis.

Guan et al. report a strategy of moisture-triggered selective hydrolysis of Sn4+ into Sn(OH)4, eliminating Sn4 + -induced defects in tin-based perovskites and enhancing the electron injection in NIR-II LED devices with peak emission of 945 nm and external quantum efficiency of 7.6%.

Xinchen Lv and colleagues design pan-specific protein mini-binders that neutralize Clostridioides difficile toxin B (TcdB) and solve TcdB-binder complex structures via cryo-electron microscopy.

How GWAS-annotated noncoding SNPs contribute to diabetes remains unclear. Here, the authors report that the noncoding SNP rs6048205 drives stage-specific defects in human pancreatic differentiation and increases diabetes susceptibility in mice.

The Wnt signalling pathway is essential for development and the maintenance of stem cells. Here, the authors reveal how LGR4 and RSPO2 modulate ZNRF3 conformations and assembly heterogeneity, stabilising ZNRF3 in its inactive state to enhance Wnt signalling. These findings offer insights for the development of targeted therapies for Wnt-driven cancers.

Comparing spatial omics data across samples remains elusive. Here, the authors develop a quantitative spatial framework, termed as colocatome analysis, by combining pairwise cell-cell colocalization, spatial permutation and normalization approaches for comparing features across conditions and studies.

The enantioselective C(sp³)–H alkylation of saturated hydrocarbons to construct C(sp³)–C(sp³) bonds is challenging. Now a nickel-catalysed enantioselective C(sp³)–H alkylation of saturated heterocycles using olefins has been developed. The enantio- and diastereoselective C(sp³)–H alkylation of saturated hydrocarbons with alkenyl boronates has also been achieved to give alkyl boronates containing 1,2-adjacent C(sp³) stereocentres.

Helicobacter pylori FabX, a dehydrogenase/isomerase flavoprotein, is required for unsaturated fatty acid synthesis. Here, the authors characterize FabX substrate recognition and catalytic mechanism, and reveal that it contains an atypical [4Fe-4S] cluster, which is essential and participates in the catalytic cycle.

Improved glycemic control after transplantation of human pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets for diabetes treatment in non-human primates.

The authors resequence a core collection of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) comprising 419 accessions. They analyze genomic variation and conduct a genome-wide association study for 13 fiber quality and yield traits in 12 different environments.

ARLNC1 is a newly discovered lncRNA that is induced by androgen receptor (AR) and maintains AR signaling by stabilizing the AR transcript. Knockdown of ARLNC1 suppresses AR expression, AR signaling and prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo.

Antibodies targeting sclerostin can ameliorate postmenopausal osteoporosis but present some cardiovascular risk. Here the authors show that the cardiovascular and skeletal effects of sclerostin are mediated by different loops, suggesting ways to preserve the positive effects on bone formation while avoiding the negative cardiovascular consequences.

Janus graphene nanoribbons with localized states on a single zigzag edge are fabricated by introducing a topological defect array of benzene motifs on the opposite zigzag edge, to break the structural symmetry.

Wireless energy-responsive systems are essential for intelligent devices. This study demonstrates an electromagnetic-moist coupling effect for energy harvesting and signal transmission using fabricated ionic diode films, showing improved performance and potential for practical applications.

We develop a low-temperature, damage-free process using van der Waals lamination to integrate multiple circuit tiers into a monolithic three-dimensional device, incorporating unique multi-tier functionality and resolving legacy issues with the layering technology.

Molecular design is key to the power conversion efficiency in organic photovoltaics. Jiang, Sun, Xu et al. develop a non-fullerene acceptor with asymmetric structure and phenyl-substituted side chains that minimizes photon and carrier losses, enabling 20.2% efficiency.

Lazarevic and colleagues show that the transcription factor EGR2 controls a transcriptional program specific to pathogenic T_H17 cells in the CNS.

Sparse labelling and whole-brain imaging are used to reconstruct and classify brain-wide complete morphologies of 1,741 individual neurons in the mouse brain, revealing a dependence on both brain region and transcriptomic profile.

Stable inorganic solid electrolytes are instrumental in developing high-voltage Li metal batteries. Here, the authors present the synthesis and electrochemical energy storage properties of a cost-effective and humidity-tolerant chloride solid electrolyte.

Enantioselective three-component radical cross-coupling is achieved using a thiamine-dependent enzyme and photoredox catalysis, giving access to ketone products with exceptional stereoselectivity.

The cytoplasmic kinase BIK1 plays a central role in immune signaling and its protein homeostasis is maintained by the interplay of the ubiquitin ligases RGLG1/2 and PUB25 - RGLG1/2 suppress PUB25-mediated BIK1 protein degradation.

The sensitivity of in vivo Raman imaging is improved with self-stacked small molecules.