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Nanomotor delivery has the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes. Here, the authors use the natural reactive oxygen species gradient in the tumour microenvironment to target delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing plasmids using reactive oxygen species responsive nanomotors for metabolic disruption and immunotherapy.

The authors present a 3.5-million-year-long pollen record from the Zoige Basin of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, 3,442 m above sea level. The ~5,000 pollen assemblages retrieved from the core reveal many ecosystem transitions during this time and, when correlated with climatic curves, indicate what effects future warming may have on regional vegetation.

Comprehensive molecular characterisations could shed light on the high heterogeneity and poor prognosis of gliomas. Here, the authors perform proteomic profiling of 188 glioma patients, revealing immune and metabolic neuron-related subgroups as well as metabolic biomarkers linked to prognosis.

Zhao et al. find that a macrophage subset migrates from the dura matter to reshape the cerebrospinal fluid microenvironment and promote metastasis and show that the secreted phosphoprotein 1–matrix metallopeptidase 14 axis can be targeted to inhibit this.

Plasma-wakefield acceleration enables bright, ultrashort, low-emittance particle bunches but achieving per-mille energy spread is still challenging. Using a quasi-linear laser-driven wakefield with density-modulated plasma, the authors achieve periodic de-chirpings, reducing the energy spread below 0.05% while preserving small emittance in quasi-phase-stable acceleration.

Development of high-performance, comfortable and sustainable air filters is challenging. Here, authors design an ultrathin, ultralight dual scale fiber mat composed of true nanofibers and submicron-fibers to integrate the high protection, thermal wet comfort and save raw materials.

In this study, bi-layered heterogeneous tetraphenylporphyrin-based COF membranes, consisting of negatively and positively charged monolayers, are fabricated using a two-step sequential self-assembly process followed by interfacial polymerization. By applying an electric field as the driving force, rectified ion transport is observed for the first time. Notably, this ionic current rectification can be modulated by adjusting the salt concentration and the structural composition of the membranes. Additionally, this phenomenon is found to be universal across various COF heterojunctions with different chemical constituents. These findings have important implications for the development of innovative nanofluidic materials and devices.

Achieving artificial photosynthesis in open environments is highly challenging. Here, the authors present a composite of indium metal-organic framework and graphene oxide that efficiently reduces low-concentration CO₂ containing air-level O₂ while effectively removing contaminants from real water.

Blood eosinophil (EOS) counts may serve as risk factors for human coronary heart diseases. Here the authors show that increased circulating and myocardial EOS after myocardial infarction play a cardioprotective role by reducing cardiomyocyte death, cardiac fibroblast activation and fibrosis, and endothelium activation-mediated inflammatory cell accumulation.

Scorpions have maintained the primary anatomical features of their Paleozoic arthropod ancestors. Here, the authors report the genome sequence of Mesobuthus martensiiand highlight evidence of genetic and morphological evolution that represents a unique adaptation model of arthropods.

Zhou et. al. report the interim results of the randomized phase III GEMSTONE-302 trial, showing the overall survival benefits of first-line treatment with the PD-L1 inhibitor sugemalimab versus placebo in combination with chemotherapy, in patients with NSCLC.

The authors show that NDR1 promotion of STAT1 translation is an important event for IFN-dependent antiviral immune response. These data suggest that NDR1 has an important role in controlling viral infections.

Multiple adeno-associated viruses (AAV) use the same receptor (AAVR), but the binding mode is not clear. Here, the authors determine the structures of the AAV1-AAVR and AAV5-AAVR complexes, identify residues necessary for virus entry and compare the receptor interfaces of different AAV capsids.

Earth’s orbit has tuned the variations of the East Asian summer monsoon. Here, a low latitude loess palaeoclimate record provides evidence that variation in monsoon rainfall is dominated by the precession cycle.

Basalt samples returned from the Moon by the Chang’e-5 mission are revealed to be two billion years old by radioisotopic dating, providing insight on the volcanic history of the Moon.

A recombinant vaccine that targets the receptor-binding ___domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces a potent antibody response in immunized mice, rabbits and non-human primates, and protects primates from infection with the virus.

Nanoparticles are being explored as a potential method to target Aβ aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors develop gold nanoparticles that were capped with chiral L or D-glutathione which has been shown to improve BBB permeability and demonstrate their ability to improve cognitive function in a mouse model of AD.

Besides device operational stability, the color stability is also an important challenge for the perovskite light-emitting diodes, especially the blue ones. Here Jiang et al. report the most efficient and color stable pure-blue perovskite LEDs so far, with a half-lifetime of 14.5 minutes.

Interleukin-18 (IL18) has a pivotal role in interferon signalling and T cell development, but increasingly recognized as an adipokine that regulates energy metabolism in fat tissue. Authors here dissect the function of IL18 signalling in the adipose compartment by targeted genomic deletion of its two receptors individually and in combination in brown and white adipose tissues.

Brassica oleracea is plant species comprising economically important vegetable crops. Here, the authors report the draft genome sequence of B. oleracea and, through a comparative analysis with the closely related B. rapa, reveal insights into Brassicaevolution and divergence of interspecific genomes and intraspecific subgenomes.

A large-scale single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the non-human primate Macaca fascicularis encompasses over 1 million cells from 45 adult tissues.

Lasing in the extreme-ultraviolet range is demonstrated using a laser wakefield accelerator, as a step towards compact X-ray free-electron lasers.

Elevated maternal homocysteine (Hcy) increases the risk for neural tube defects (NTDs) but how this arises is unclear. Here, the authors show that high levels of Hcy on histone H3K79Hcy correlate with NTDs, causing abnormal gene expression (for example Cecr2, Smarca4 and Dnmt3B) linked to neural tube closure.

Molecular aggregation is a widespread and important process in physiological metabolism, but details regarding conformational changes during the process are hard to probe. Here, the authors use circular dichroism to monitor in-situ the conformational changes occurring during molecular aggregation.

The high toxicity of nerve agents makes the development of fluorescence sensors with suitable limit of detection challenging. Here, the authors propose a sensor design based on a conjugated microporous polymer film for the detection of diethyl chlorophosphate, a substitute of Sarin, with low detection limit of 2.5 ppt.

The cell cycle regulator CDK1 phosphorylates the acetyltransferase TIP60, which subsequently acetylates the mitotic regulator Aurora B to ensure chromosomal segregation. Aurora B acetylation prevents inactivation by PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation.

A field trial in Changsha, China, involving the release of a triple Wolbachia-infected strain of the mosquito, Aedes albopictus, demonstrates the feasibility of using an incompatible insect technique to suppress disease vector mosquito populations in urban subtropic environments.