Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of selective UOR mechanisms and motivations.
From: Highly selective urea electrooxidation coupled with efficient hydrogen evolution
a Scenario of the UOR towards clean water and energy production. b The UOR pathways for N2/CO2 or NOx–/NCO– production on connected symmetric Ni–O–Ni sites. c Illustration of strengthening the resonant C⎓N bond of urea by donating electrons to the terminal O moiety of the C = O group. d The bond formation energies of O with Ti, Ni, and other common transition metals at 298.15 K, defined as the standard enthalpy change for the formation of a diatomic species between O and the transition metal.
