Fig. 2: PD-1 expression and dysfunction of liver T cells in AE patients.

a Representative flow cytometry plots, percentage, MFI (n = 30) and absolute number (n = 16) of liver CD4+ T cells expressing PD-1 in paired CLTs versus DLTs from AE patients. b Representative flow cytometry plots, percentage, MFI (n = 30) and absolute number (n = 15) of liver CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1 in paired CLTs versus DLTs from AE patients. c Representative images from immunofluorescence costaining of DAPI (blue), CD4 or CD8 (green), PD-1 (red), IgG control (green or red) and merged images of liver sections from AE patients (n = 10). Boxed areas show × 200 magnification of histological images. Arrows indicate CD4+PD-1+ T cells or CD8+PD-1+ T cells. The lesion is delimited with a white line. d, e Representative flow cytometry plot and percentage (n = 15) of granzyme B, IFN-γ and TNF-α production by liver CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells that do or do not express PD-1 after PMA/ionomycin stimulation in the CLT of AE patients. (a, b, d, e) Data were analysed using a two-tailed paired Student’s t tests. All data are presented as the mean ± SD. n.s., P > 0.05. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.