Fig. 3: CO-TPD and operando Raman spectra.
From: High-efficiency C3 electrosynthesis on a lattice-strain-stabilized nitrogen-doped Cu surface
a CO-TPD profile of the LSN-Cu and the Cu catalysts. b–d Operando Raman spectra of the LSN-Cu (b), LS-Cu (c), and the Cu (d) samples under CORR. e Peak frequencies of LFB of C ≡ O stretch as a function of applied potential. The straight lines represent the linear fitting results, of which the slopes represent the Stark tuning rates. f Normalized v(CO–CO) peak area (with the v(CO–CO)/(HFB + LFB) as a function) of applied potential for different studied catalysts. The potential is presented with a 70% iR correction. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
