Extended Data Fig. 4: Sex-stratified association of multi-ancestry T2D genetic clusters with anthropometric traits.

Each dot displays the sex-stratified association between selected multi-ancestry T2D cluster pPS and selected anthropometric traits. (a) Visceral adipose tissue [VAT], subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT], and VAT/SAT ratio, measured in a subset of approximately 9,000 MGB Biobank participants with available data. (b) Waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/hip ratio, measured in the All of Us Cohort. Each outcome was normalized to a standard normal distribution (for all participants, females only, or males only). Each dot indicates the effect per one standard deviation increase in the pPS. Error bars denote the standard error. P values were obtained from two-sided t tests, and asterisks indicate P < 0.05. Complete statistics (including exact P values and the number of individuals measured for each outcome) are provided in Supplementary Table 13.