Table 2 Effect of smoking status on NTM and TB development.

From: The effect of smoking on nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease and tuberculosis: a nationwide retrospective cohort study

HR (95% CI)

Smoking status

N

Event

Duration, PY

IR, per 1000 PY

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

NTM

Never

2,277,862

2108

23,149,552

0.0911

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Former

520,351

447

5,243,372.69

0.0853

0.937 (0.846, 1.038)

0.944 (0.837, 1.065)

1.040 (0.921, 1.174)

1.030 (0.912, 1.162)

1.020 (0.904, 1.152)

Current

976,095

409

9,842,375.84

0.0416

0.457 (0.411, 0.508)

0.646 (0.571, 0.731)

0.629 (0.555, 0.713)

0.630 (0.556, 0.714)

0.630 (0.555, 0.714)

TB

Never

2,277,862

15,363

23,082,493.18

0.6656

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

Former

520,351

3626

5,228,855.03

0.6935

1.042 (1.005, 1.080)

0.885 (0.849, 0.922)

0.912 (0.874, 0.951)

0.908 (0.871, 0.947)

0.911 (0.874, 0.950)

Current

976,095

7123

9,809,472.22

0.7261

1.091 (1.061, 1.122)

1.288 (1.244, 1.334)

1.194 (1.152, 1.237)

1.189 (1.147, 1.232)

1.190 (1.148, 1.233)

  1. Model 1: Not adjusted.
  2. Model 2: Adjusted for age and sex.
  3. Model 3: Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and CKD.
  4. Model 4: Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, CKD, COPD, and bronchiectasis.
  5. Model 5: Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, CKD, COPD, bronchiectasis, and residential region.
  6. NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria; TB, tuberculosis; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PY, person-years; IR, incidence rate; Ref., reference.
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