Fig. 1: Ensemble reconstruction of 20th century Antarctic sea ice extent anomalies (1905–September 1978) with satellite observed sea ice extent anomalies (1979–2023), for the total sea ice and for each sector.
From: A twenty-first century structural change in Antarctica’s sea ice system
Individual reconstructions are drawn in light gray—there are 2500 so they appear black; the average of the individual reconstructions in red, and the observed sea ice in blue. As the red curve is the average of 2500 reconstructions it varies much less than the individual reconstructions (black). Our analysis uses the individual reconstructions because they better encompass the range of variation in the sea ice extent. Units are in millions of km2. Note the different scales of the vertical axes.
