Fig. 1: Overview of NoV infection.
From: Atomic force microscopy at the forefront: unveiling foodborne viruses with biophysical tools
NoV is mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often by contaminated food or water. In the host, NoV replicates in the GI tract, by infecting host cells such as enterocytes. In the first step of the viral cycle, human NoV is known to bind to cell-surface attachment factors, including HBGAs. Then, the viral particle is internalized by the cell, which replicates the viral components needed for the assembly of new viral particles. Lastly, new viruses are released by the cell, allowing infection of surrounding cells and hosts. Figure created in BioRender.com.
