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Cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the extracellular flagellum structure, including the hook–filament junction and filament cap complex, reveals mechanisms of flagellin incorporation into the growing filament and filament stabilization.
Human gut bacteria bioaccumulate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as forever chemicals, in intracellular aggregates. Colonization of gnotobiotic mice with bioaccumulating bacteria increases faecal PFAS excretion.
In situ cryoEM and modelling of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellar motor characterize the periplasmic scaffold and the structural basis for increased torque generation.
About 15,000 pairwise interactions within S. epidermidis from 18 people in 6 families reveal the antagonism and molecular trade-offs that shape the skin microbiota.
The gH-associated tropism and entry (GATE) complex consists of glycoprotein H, UL116 and UL141. This complex is abundant on human cytomegalovirus virions and enables entry into human endothelial cells.
Micro-C provides insights into genome organization in Plasmodium falciparum and defines the machinery used to spatially coordinate antigenic variation and stage-specific genes that are crucial for infection.
Cage change of mice with persistent murine astrovirus infection triggers stress responses marked by corticosterone fluctuation, which is followed by CD8 T cell activation and induction of epithelial antiviral responses leading to viral clearance.
Using human data and mice models, it was revealed that assimilation of ammonia by a gut microbe prevents its harmful accumulation that can impair kidney function.
Brogan et al. uncover a signalling pathway in which levels of the nucleotide second messenger c-di-AMP increase in response to defects in cell wall synthesis. This regulatory pathway decreases turgor pressure and protects the cell from lysis.
Phylogenetic reconstructions with conserved protein markers from the 11 known DPANN phyla reveal their monophyletic placement within the Euryarchaeota.
Malnutrition during pregnancy has lasting effects on maternal and offspring health. Its adverse impacts are modified by the maternal microbiome and attenuated by gestational treatment with select microbial metabolites.
A unique Arp2/3 complex in malaria parasites enables DNA segregation during the rapid formation of male gametes by safeguarding the attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle.
Broad and potent neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants can be efficiently identified via accurate deep-mutational-scanning-based prediction of viral evolution and delivered to mice using mRNA–lipid nanoparticles.
The authors find subtype-specific influenza cross-reactivity patterns, including rapid declines for A(H3N2) within 6 years, sustained responses for A(H1N1)pdm09 and increased cross-reactive responses in humans after repeated A(H3N2) exposure.
The H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) remain dominant in live poultry markets in China, and H9N2 AIVs with HA-Q226L, PB2-V/K627 and NP-N52 mutations can be transmitted between guinea pigs and between ferrets via direct contact and respiratory droplet.
The herpes simplex virus 1 uracil-DNA glycosylase counters host APOBEC1 to evade genome editing and to enable viral replication that promotes encephalitis in mice.
During poxvirus-induced shutoff, certain cellular and viral mRNAs continue to be translated through distinct modes of non-canonical initiation, in part due to altered ribosome activity, to produce host and viral proteins that support virus spread.
Partitioning of FtsN and the septal peptidoglycan synthesis complex between an active synthesis track and an inactive denuded glycan track coordinates opposing peptidoglycan synthesis and degradation activities in E. coli.
Investigations in wild bats and non-human primates in Brazil and Costa Rica inform about diverse Morbillivirus ecology in neotropical bats and host jumps, and about zoonotic potential of morbilliviruses in Latin America.
