Table 1 Implications for measurement tools of RF.
RF is … | Requirements | Questionnaires | Observational measures | Experimental set-ups |
|---|---|---|---|---|
• A flexible and active process • Developmentally-dependent • Context-dependent | • Assess resilience as a dynamic interplay between the individual and social environment • Focus is not on the individual, but is embedded in social networks • Repeated, longitudinal assessments • Assess SOD • Assess flexibility to push into vs. pull out of interpersonal synchrony | • Measure the experienced closeness in pair-bonded relationships • Use questionnaires that assess the quality of social contexts from developmentally relevant ecological domains (e.g., family, peers, school) • Do not rely on a single self-report questionnaire; make use of dyadic questionnaires • Include scales for family and/or community adjustment • Use scales that are developed to capture dynamic adaptations to social environment | • Assess flexibility rather than aggregate scores during observation, such as in- and out gaze, touch, and motor synchrony • Assess dyadic and group interactions with significant others according to developmental stage • Focus on the quality of context (e.g., coding of sensitivity/hostility during interaction) instead of merely relationship status (e.g., single or stable partnership) | • Include experimental paradigms to assess self—other distinctions (e.g., automatic imitation) according to developmental stage • Consider meta-stable interpersonal synchrony in behavioral, physiological, and neural data • Use ecological momentary assessment strategies • Use micro-coding of interaction behaviors (continuous coding instead of average measures) |
