Fig. 3: The effects of spatial constraints on the extension and orientation of regrown nerves. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: The effects of spatial constraints on the extension and orientation of regrown nerves.

From: Engineering spatially-confined conduits to tune nerve self-organization and allodynic responses via YAP-mediated mechanotransduction

Fig. 3

a A diagram of 4:2 spatially confined conduits, enhancing the directional guidance and reducing scar hypertrophy and vessels proliferation in sciatic nerves. b Images of the animal operation at day 0 and tissue collection at 12 weeks post-surgery. c Specimens of the regenerated nerve. d Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of microtubule (TUJ1, green; nuclei, blue) and e. neurofilaments (NF200, red; nuclei, blue) in vertical sections of the regenerated nerves within the spatial gradient constraint. f Statistical analysis of neuromas weight (n = 6). g Statistical results of the length of regenerated neurofilaments (n = 6). h Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of nerve stumps. i Rose diagrams showing the absolute angles of regenerated nerve fibers relative to the horizontal line, quantified through HE staining and analyzed using ImageJ. Mean values are shown and error bars represent ± s.d., as analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests in (f, g). The experiments in (d–h) were independently repeated at least three times with similar results.

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