Fig. 6: Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced tumor immune escape.
From: Immunometabolism and oxidative stress: roles and therapeutic strategies in cancer and aging
ROS affects NRF2 activation through PI3K-Akt pathway. ROS can affect the NF-κB pathway by affecting IκB kinase. ROS also promotes transcription and translation HIF-1α positive feedback via promoting the phosphorylation of NF-κB and affects the expression of NOX to promote the generation and aggregation of reactive oxygen species ROS. ROS affects the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome through NF-κB, induces the production of IL-18 and IL-1β, and affects the immune activity of T cells and dendritic cells. ROS promotes the production of IFN-γ and IL-6 and induces the expression of PD-L1 through the JAK-STAT pathway to achieve immune escape217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231.
