Extended Data Fig. 4: Chromatin accessibility at the ACE2, TMPRSS and CTSL loci across lung cells in early life.

a, Schematic: single-cell chromatin accessibility by transposome hypersensitive sites sequencing (THS-Seq) from human pediatric samples (full gestation, no known lung disease) collected at day 1 of life, 14 months, 3 years, and 9 years (n=1 at each time point). b, Accessibility (dot color log normalized gene activity scores), and % of cells with accessible loci (dot size) for the ACE2, TMPRSS, and CTSL loci (columns) across different cell types (rows) in scTHS-Seq with all time points aggregated. c, Accessibility (dot color log normalized gene activity scores), and % of cells with accessible loci (dot size) of ACE2, TMPRSS and CTSL in AT1–AT2 cells in scTHS-Seq at day 1 of life, 14 months, 3 years, and 9 years (rows). d, Number of ACE2⁺CTSL⁺ and ACE2⁺TMPRSS2⁺ cells per time point.