Extended Data Fig. 3: Adherence-efficacy model curves.

Assumed functional forms for PrEP efficacy as a function of intraerythrocytic tenofovir diphosphate, testing assumptions that individuals with no quantifiable TFV-DP have the same HIV incidence as individuals concurrently randomized to placebo and that HIV incidence approaches zero with increasing TFV-DP. f1 includes both assumptions. f2 challenges the first assumption by allowing individuals with low PrEP adherence to have lower (or higher) efficacy k2 than those on placebo. f3 challenges the second assumption as efficacy approaches k3.