Table 17 Best models from two datasets compared in the end.

From: Exploring vision transformers and XGBoost as deep learning ensembles for transforming carcinoma recognition

Model combination

Dataset

Testing accuracy (%)

AUC (%)

ADaDR-22 + Vision transformer

Original (24 Classes)

89.1

97

ADaDR-22 + Vision transformer

Refined (14 Classes)

93.4

98.8

ADaDR-22 + XGBoost

Original (24 Classes)

88.3

96.5

ADaDR-22 + XGBoost

Refined (14 Classes)

92.2

97.8