Fig. 10

Validation of qPCR for the inflammatory gene GDF15. (A) mRNA expression levels of GDF15 in patient-derived tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues. (B) mRNA expression levels of GDF15 in normal intestinal epithelial cells NCM460, CRC cells HCT116, HCT15, SW480, SW620. Each experiment was repeated three times. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.