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A soft mesh microelectrode array can seamlessly integrate in developing brains, enabling long-term, stable mapping of how single-neuron activity and population dynamics emerge and evolve during brain development.

The authors reveal that interfacial dead layers in ferroelectric ScAlN originate from nitrogen vacancies and strain, highlighting their critical role in unlocking the full potential of nitride ferroelectrics for advanced device architectures.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

Authors report an oblique photothermal microscope system for ultrasensitive infrared spectroscopic imaging of live subjects at sub-micron resolutions. The method enables low-dose skin imaging without photodamage, and is a highly sensitive platform for in vivo and in situ molecular analysis.

The methyltransferase OsPRMT6b is found to act as an ABA responsive factor to finely turn down ABA signaling via methylation of ABA receptor, thus facilitating growth recovery as high-temperature stress subsides.

The authors demonstrate that the response of the flexural vibrations of twisted bilayer graphene can be hysteretic depending on the angle between the lattices of the layers, finding that the quality factors of the vibrations are enhanced compared to untwisted bilayers.

First-instar orchid mantis nymphs avoid predators by mimicking black-red assassin bugs, whereas those in later instars avoid predators and attract prey by camouflaging themselves as lighter-coloured flowers. Here the authors use developmental transcriptomics, evolutionary genomics and predation experiments to reveal that this ontogenetic colour change is regulated by a pigment transporter called Redboy that emerged in Polyneoptera 284–197 million years ago.

Labor productivity is sensitive to heat stress, and this relationship has pronounced implications on global agroeconomic futures, particularly at the regional level, according to scenario analyses using the Global Change Analysis Model.

Controlling magnetization orientation and assembling high-coercivity micro-magnets at the microscale has been challenging due to harsh operational requirements and limited spatial precision. The authors present a stretchable linear magnet with programmable magnetization enabled by laser-activated phase-change microcells, achieving efficient and reversible reorientation under mild conditions.

Transcriptome-wide m⁶A RNA methylation profile in 162 primary prostate tumors identifies m⁶A association with prognostic clinical features and disease aggression.

C−H bond functionalization is widely used in chemical synthesis but achieving regio- and stereoselectivity is still challenging. Here, the authors report the mechanism of three Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in bicyclomycin synthesis, which depicts the natural strategy to sequentially hydroxylate specific C–H bonds of similar substrates (cyclodipeptides)

Azoxy products have rarely been synthesized using enzyme catalysts. Herein, the authors report that fungal unspecific peroxygenases are promising catalysts for synthesizing azoxy products from simple aniline starting materials.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

The high cost and low efficiency of current deuteration methods hinder scalable deuteration of organic compounds. Here, the authors report an electrolyser using Pdδ + /NC cathode achieving the deuteration of aldehydes, ketones, imines, and alkenes under solvent-free conditions using pure D2O.

Xia et al. report that tumor cell-expressed paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRα) interacts with the T cell surface protein CD99 to suppress T cell activity, proposing PILRα targeting to enhance antitumor immune responses.

The immune response of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer remains low and new adjuvant targets are in demand. By in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screening that targets membrane and secreted proteins genes, the authors identify that disrupting MBTPS1 in tumor cells upregulates STAT1-transcribed chemokines, promotes CXCR3⁺ CD8 T cells infiltration and potentiates anti-PD-1 therapy.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

China operates a national surveillance program for acute respiratory infections and sampled over 200,000 patients between 2009–2019. Here, the authors present results from this program and describe patterns by age, pathogen type, presence of pneumonia, and season.

China is planning to launch its Tianwen-3 mission, with the purpose of bringing back a sample from Mars, by the end of the decade. This Perspective presents the scientific objectives and architecture of Tianwen-3, including a preliminary selection of landing sites and a description of the Mars Sample Laboratory that will curate the material on Earth.

In contrast to the classical streaming potential relying on downstream ionic diffusion, an upstream proton diffusion within two-dimensional nanochannels is found to continuously generate electricity, advancing hydrovoltaic technology.

Whether hippocampal place cells are unique in their representation of spatial information utilized during body navigation remains unknown. Here authors report monkey cells in the premotor cortex exhibit similar position fields which encode hand position during a reaching task.

α-Pyridones and α-pyrones are ubiquitous structural motifs found in natural products and components of biologically active small molecules. Here, the authors report an oxidant-free Rh-catalyzed electrochemical divergent vinylic C–H annulation of acrylamides with alkynes to α-pyridones and cyclic imidates.

Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) achieves high recanalization rates in acute stroke, but many patients still experience poor outcomes. Here, the authors show that intravenous edaravone dexborneol (ED) is safe and reduces early hemorrhage but does not significantly improve 90-day functional outcomes in stroke patients after EVT.

This study demonstrated that amplified ethylene signaling impairs gravitropic growth of rice roots by affecting root cap stability and OsPIN2 polar localization, whereas mechanosensing-induced calcium signaling antagonizes ethylene signaling to safeguard gravitropism.

Bringing together p- and n-type monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides results in the formation of atomically thin pn junctions. Here, the authors laterally manipulate carrier density to create a WSe₂ pn homojunction on a supporting ferroelectric BiFeO₃ substrate.

Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) of C-H bonds is an ideal approach for C-C bond construction but suffers from low selectivity of similar C-H bonds. Here, the authors describe a highly selective paired electrocatalysis strategy towards CDC combining hydrogen evolution reaction catalysis with hydride transfer catalysis.

POMC and AgRP neurons in hypothalamus were widely known to regulate energy balance. Here, authors show that ARC^CRABP1 neurons are identified as a new player influencing appetite and metabolism.

In this work, authors present a supramolecular fluorescent sensor array that enables the accurate discrimination of intracellular bacteria, also demonstrating that this can be modified as a host-guest drug delivery system to combat these bacteria.

Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury is a deleterious consequence of reperfusion therapy for myocardial infarction. Here, the authors show that FNDC4 alleviates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through facilitating HIF1α-dependent cardiomyocyte survival and angiogenesis.

Genetic load is often overlooked in conservation predictions of species response to climate change. This study found that effective population size was the major determinant of genetic load and that genetic load helps predict the fate of Arabidopsis populations under future climate change.

A quantum microsatellite, with a payload weighing only 23 kilograms, in combination with portable ground stations that weigh merely 100 kilograms, is capable of performing space-to-ground real-time quantum key distribution.

A scalable workflow involving a pMHC-displaying yeast system is introduced to identify precise virus epitope sequences and corresponding T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences from memory T cells.

The authors obtain the TiCoSb-based single-crystals with a dimension exceeding 1 cm, leading to an extraordinary enhancement in electron mobility and consequently, an average power factor of 37 W cm⁻¹ K⁻² in the Nb-doped TiCoSb single-crystal.

The complication of water adsorption on surfaces goes well beyond a simple hexagonal bilayer model predicted by the ice rule. Chen et al.observe an extended cyclical pattern of water tetramers on an insulator surface, which is attributable to the formation of periodic Bjerrum defects at high density.

Establishing multi-degree-of-freedom entangled memories is important for high-capacity quantum communications and computing. Here, authors experimentally demonstrate hyper- and hybrid entanglement between two atomic ensembles in multiple degrees of freedom including path and orbital angular momentum.

Labour productivity and labour market transitions are key to the future of agriculture. By simulating agricultural labour input demand in production technologies and incorporating a wage-responsive labour supply, this study sheds light on the dynamics of future agricultural labour market evolution.

Xue-Jun Zhang, Jun Wang and colleagues identify mutations in MVK in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, a disorder characterized by defects in epidermal keratinization. MVK encodes mevalonate kinase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and isoprenoids.

Conventional silicon-based transistors, which sit at the heart of every computer, are fast approaching the limit of miniaturisation. Here, Meng et al demonstrate a field-effect transistor composed of a single rutheniumdiarylethene molecule with large on/off ratio.

Wnt proteins signal through canonical and non-canonical pathways that both depend on the scaffolding protein Dishevelled. Sheng et al.show that recruitment of Dishevelled to the plasma membrane through its interaction with cholesterol biases downstream signalling in favour of the canonical pathway.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) critically regulate tumor development and progression. Here the authors show that, in a mouse model of breast cancer, miR-9-5p-loaded EVs promote cholesterol biosynthesis and conversion into the oncometabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol, favoring immune evasion and promoting liver metastasis.

Although psoriasis is a chronic disorder affecting approximately 2% of the population, little is known about the underlying genetic architecture. Here, the authors carry out exome sequencing in a large Han Chinese cohort of psoriasis patients and healthy controls, and identify three new genes that may increase risk of developing the disease.