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Vertical transistors based on 2D semiconductors have the potential to reduce the footprint of electronic circuits, but their high-density integration remains challenging. Here, the authors report a vertical lamination approach for realizing high-density MoS₂ vertical sidewall transistors.

De novo genome assembly and analyses of 12 maize FILs provide insights into genomic and phenotypic differentiation of various heterotic groups and the molecular basis of heterosis in maize.

The bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila delivers hundreds of effector proteins to promote infection. Here, Ge et al show that effector LegK3 suppresses host apoptosis via direct phosphorylation of caspases.

By using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, researchers observe layer-dependent electronic correlations in rhombohedral graphene multilayers at 77 K, revealing the layer-enhanced low-energy flat bands and interlayer interactions.

A comparative analysis of bat genomes, including five newly assembled chromosome-scale genomes, provides insights into the diversification of horseshoe bats and reveals molecular adaptations with a potential role in antiviral immune response.

Analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from seven amphioxus embryo stages informs the evolution of chordate cell type evolution and reveals three developmental origins for the vertebrate nervous system.

A high-quality genome assembly of Weining rye sheds new light on gene duplications and their effects on starch biosynthesis genes, gene expression features underlying early heading trait and putative domestication-associated chromosomal regions.

By preadsorption of water molecules on a material surface, a controllable ångström-scale van der Waals (vdW) gap is created, which can be applied to other vdW material systems with controllable gaps.

The use of lung and colonic organoid systems to assess the susceptibility of lung and gut cells to SARS-CoV-2 and to screen FDA-approved drugs that have antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is demonstrated.

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) strongly affects the cycling behaviour of rechargeable alkali metal cells. Here, the authors investigate via cryo-electron microscopy the SEI formed on a Na metal electrode using fluoroethylene carbonate-containing electrolyte.

A comprehensive transcriptomic survey of the pig could enable mechanistic understanding of tissue specialization and accelerate its use as a biomedical model. Here the authors characterize four distinct transcript types in 31 adult pig tissues to dissect their distinct structural and transcriptional features and uncover transcriptomic variability related to tissue physiology.

Ming Li, Ruiqiang Li and colleagues report the whole-genome sequencing of a male golden snub-nosed monkey, Rhinopithecus roxellana, as well as its relatives Rhinopithecus bieti, Rhinopithecus brelichi and Rhinopithecus strykeri. Their analysis provides insights into primate evolution and adaptation to a diet consisting primarily of leaves and seeds.

To elucidate the relationship between sociality and longevity, the authors perform phylogenetic and transcriptomic comparative analysis of mammals. They find that group-living species lived longer than solitary species and identify 31 genes, hormones, and immunity-related pathways involved in this connection.

This Review explores the genetic basis of diversification and adaptation in non-human primates, including their responses to ecological and environmental changes.

The mechanisms leading to acquired resistance to targeted therapy in cancer are not completely understood. Here, the authors show that ferritinophagy mediates adaptive resistance to Osimertinib, and that combining this EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor with copper ionophores improves its therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of non-small cell lung cancer.

An integrated analysis of de novo and inherited coding variants in 42,607 individuals with autism spectrum disorder identifies 60 risk genes of which five have not previously been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Despite major conservation efforts, the Yangtze river dolphin, or baiji, is now recognised as functionally extinct. Here, Zhou et al. report a high quality draft baiji genome, as well as three re-sequenced genomes, and highlight evolutionary adaptations to aquatic life.

Whales, dolphins and porpoises are adapted to various aquatic habitats. Here, Zhou et al. show that polymorphisms associated with renal function and the urea cycle have undergone selection in the freshwater Yangtze finless porpoise and provide genomic evidence of incipient speciation.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

Deep-strong coupling in hybrid magnonic systems is yet to be explored. Here, the authors unveil unconventional coupling properties in synthetic antiferromagnets. The systems’ high degree of freedom enables a near-realization of deep-strong coupling.

Two divergent haplotypes from a highly heterozygous lychee genome of the cultivar ‘Feizixiao’ and resequencing of 72 lychee accessions provide insights into the genome evolution and domestication history of lychee.

Sirenians are aquatic mammals that originated in Africa ~60 million years ago. Using comparative genomics of a new dugong genome, this study finds genetic adaptations shared by extant sirenians and assessed the diversity of dugongs in Australian waters and the functionally extinct Okinawan dugong.

Diploid potatoes are typically self-incompatible, complicating efforts to breed diploid cultivars. Here the authors report map-based cloning of the S-locus inhibitor (Sli) gene in potato which encodes a non S-locus F-box protein that is expressed in pollen and can functions like a general S-RNase inhibitor to overcome self-incompatibility.

The coverage and throughput of data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based phosphoproteomics is limited by its dependence on experimental spectral libraries. Here the authors develop a DIA workflow based on in silico spectral libraries generated by a novel deep neural network to expand phosphoproteome coverage.

The gold standard for diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction is a chemiluminescence assay based on the detection of cardian troponin I (cTnI). Here, the authors develop a plasmonic gold nano-island chip assay for ultrasensitive detection of cTnI in as little as 10 μL of serum.

Hessian flies are wheat parasites that seize control of the metabolic pathways of their hosts. Liu et al. identify the wheat gene, which encodes a small heat-shock protein, as a major susceptibility gene for infestation by the Hessian fly.

Organic luminogens with persistent room temperature phosphorescence will find wide applications in optoelectronic devices and bioimaging, but they are still scarce. Here, the authors synthesize seven organic luminogens and investigate their different properties and potential imaging applications.

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is a difficult enzyme to work with. Here, the authors covalently immobilized it in a microfluidic reactor to enhance its storage/thermal stabilities and reusability, which enabled the continuous artificial synthesis of glucose precursor.

Pemphingus vulgaris is known to be caused by anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibodies, but how these antibodies arise is not clear. Here, the authors show that VH gene usage is shared among patients and that few or no somatic mutations are required for these autoantibodies to acquire autoreactivity.

Human WNT10A mutations are associated with dental defects and adult onset ectodermal dysplasia. Xuet al. show that WNT10A-activated ß-catenin plays dual roles in adult epithelial progenitor proliferation and differentiation by complexing with KLF4 in differentiating, but not proliferating, cells.

Zhang, McNaughton and colleagues show that inflammatory stimuli promote a direct association between the heterotrimeric G-protein subunit Gα_q and the temperature-sensitive ion channel TRPM8. This interaction inhibits TRPM8 channel activity, providing a mechanism by which inflammation produces aberrant sensations of temperature changes.