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Perception and appreciation of food flavour depends on many factors, posing a challenge for effective prediction. Here, the authors combine extensive chemical and sensory analyses of 250 commercial Belgian beers to train machine learning models that enable flavour and consumer appreciation prediction.

Little sulfur from the 2022 Hunga submarine eruption reached the atmosphere due to seawater–magma interactions, indicating that the climate impact of this type of eruption may be underestimated, according to analysis of ash collected throughout the event.

Heterostructures of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride have great potential for high-mobility electronics, yet little is known about the electronic interaction between these two atomically thin materials. Here, the authors perform angle-resolved reflected-electron spectroscopy to unveil their interplay.

T cell responses can be generated to either pathogen infection or from priming with a vaccine. Here the authors compare T cell generation, phenotype and single cell transcriptome of participants vaccinated with a mpox vaccine or infected with the virus showing that the virus induced T cells showed more effective function and phenotype.

The development of sustainable food systems requires an understanding of potential trade-off between various objectives. Here, Chaudhary et al. examine how different nations score on food system performance across several domains, including environment, nutrition, and sociocultural wellbeing.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

The organic macromolecular matter found in meteorites could have formed in heavily irradiated zones in dust traps in planet-forming disks, according to an evolutionary model of a protoplanetary disk.

The influence of an individual’s genetics, diet and gut microbiome on their plasma metabolome was studied in 1,368 individuals and Mendelian randomization and mediation analyses were used to unveil causal relationships between diet, the gut microbiome and the metabolome.

Interlocked molecules commonly include one (or more) monocyclic component — examples comprising bicyclic or tricyclic structures are much more rare and usually involve metal–ligand coordination or additional templates. Now, the dynamic self-assembly of twenty organic molecules in a one-pot synthesis has been shown to produce tetrahedral covalent cages, which interpenetrate during the process to form triply interlocked dimers.

Researchers have developed XLuminA, an AI framework for the automated discovery of super-resolution microscopy techniques. With 10,000x faster optimization than traditional methods, it discovers unexplored designs breaking the diffraction limit.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

The time resolution for X-ray imaging with synchrotron sources is limited by the speed of the detectors and a large amount of data to process. The authors implemented an inline dual-camera setup able to resolve the data using sparse events, achieving temporal super-resolution for synchrotron X-ray imaging.

There are a lack of tools to study the dynamics of (pseudo)hypohalous acids in live cells. Here the authors report a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor, Hypocrates, for (pseudo)hypohalous acids and their derivatives which they use in cells and in a zebrafish tail fin injury model.

Porosity of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks can be preserved beyond glass transition and melt processing. Here centimetre-scale porous glasses are demonstrated, whereas liquid processing enables fine-tuning of the size of the gas-transporting channels for molecular sieving.

The interglacial period that occurred about 400,000 years ago—Marine Isotope Stage 11—was the longest out of the past five glacial cycles. A proxy-based alignment of this interglacial with the Holocene, and a subsequent analysis of carbon isotopic data from marine sediments, indicates that the unusual length may have been driven by strong poleward oceanic heat transport.

Iso-alpha-acids (IAAs) are hops-derived compounds. In this study, the authors show that IAAs inhibit development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. They found that IAAs reduced expression of PPAR-γ and key enzymes of lipid synthesis as well as increased expression of PPAR-α, indicative of increased lipid metabolism. IAAs also reduced oxidative stress and JNK-activation, inhibited hepatic stellate cell activation and reduced proliferation and pro-fibrogenic gene expression.

An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte–macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

Hybrid MOF-glasses can be shaped and processed in analogy to conventional glasses. Here, microstructures are formed by thermal imprinting, whilst preserved porosity of the material enables its further use in responsive optics.

Genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with sinus node dysfunction, distal conduction disease and pacemaker implantation, implicating ion channel function, cardiac developmental programs and sarcomeric structure in bradyarrhythmia susceptibility.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells suffer from phase segregation. Zhang et al. show that thiocyanate ions overcome the issue by occupying iodide vacancies while regulating crystallization, enabling perovskite/organic tandem cells with 25.06% efficiency.

Efforts to treat heart failure with antioxidants have failed. Here, authors reveal a robust sex-dependent endogenous defense against oxidative damage and demonstrate antioxidative treatment’s efficacy solely in subjects with inadequate redox capacity.

Secondary fibril structure is a key component of the mechanical properties of protein materials like silk, yet, limited information is known about the internal structure of these protein fibrils. Here, the authors report on the use of polarised Raman and FTIR spectroscopy to study silk materials and identify six distinct secondary structures.

Auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) is an auxin receptor that, in complex with transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1), has a key role in the auxin-induced global phosphorylation of proteins and downstream responses such as vascular regeneration.

The acidic tumour microenvironment in melanoma drives immune evasion by cAMP in tumor-infiltrating monocytes. Here, the authors show that the release of an adenylate cyclase inhibitor from micelles restores antitumor immunity and, when combined with regulatory T cell depletion, leads to remission of established B16-F10-OVA tumors.

A slide-free, inexpensive and non-destructive microscopy technique rapidly provides high-resolution histology images that resemble those obtained from conventional haematoxylin-and-eosin-stained specimens.

Exceptional points in nanostructured lossy photonic waveguides lead to uniformly distributed losses and linear amplitude decay.

Shifts in temperature alter the structure and dynamics of macromolecules. Now, infra-red laser-induced temperature jump is combined with X-ray crystallography to observe protein structural dynamics in real time. Using this method, motions related to the catalytic cycle of lysozyme, a model enzyme, are visualized at atomic resolution and across broad timescales.