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Disruption of dendritic cell (DC) interstitial motility in the tumour microenvironment promotes immune evasion, and enhancement of DC interstitial motility offers a route for DC-centric immunotherapy.

Pei et al. overcome desorption of passivating molecules under photothermal stress in wide-bandgap perovskites and achieve perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells with a certified efficiency of 27.35%.

The functionalization of carbon–carbon bonds in amines remains an important challenge in organic synthesis. Now a borane-catalysed method has been developed that enables the insertion of alkynes into the alkyl C–C bonds of amines, providing a versatile approach for the ring expansion of cyclic amines and chain elongation of acyclic amines.

Previous ophthalmic foundation models have struggled to generalize effectively to diverse and rare fundus diseases, restricting their clinical applicability. Here, the authors introduce a vision-language foundation model that demonstrates superior performance in diagnosing both common and rare fundus conditions.

Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

A computationally guided strategy enables the suppression of structural defects in tin halide perovskite nanocrystals. By combining tin-rich conditions to minimize bulk defects, introducing monovalent cations to produce defect-tolerant surfaces and tuning precursor ratios to optimize defect suppression, highly luminescent FASnI₃ nanocrystals are obtained.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a disruption in the balance between bone resorption and formation. Here, the authors identified high levels of lipid raft-related stomatin in osteoporosis patients and ovariectomized mice and demonstrate a mechanism by which it drives bone resorption.

Radiation-induced liver damage is an important side-effect of radiation as a cancer therapy. Here, the authors identify pyroptosis protein gasdermin D as a key driver of liver injury and a potential therapeutic target to alleviate this damage.

Lan et al. demonstrate the high performance of plasma p-tau217 in detecting and tracking multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, outperforming other plasma tau biomarkers across two Chinese cohorts (GHABS and Huashan) and the North American ADNI cohort.

Local learning algorithms still fall short of matching the performance of traditional backpropagation. Here, the authors developed the Self-Contrastive ForwardForward algorithm, which leverages contrastive learning principles to enhance unsupervised forward-forward training.

Fifty years of plankton and water samples show that the proportion of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the ocean now substantially differs from the Redfield ratio, probably reflecting a reduction in phosphorus limitation.

He and colleagues develop LucaOne, a biological foundation model pre-trained on nucleic acid and protein sequences from 169,861 species. It shows an emerging understanding of molecular biology’s central dogma, enhancing bioinformatics analysis and helping explore unknown aspects of molecular biology.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

Accessing strong correlation effects in Kagome materials remains challenging. Here, the authors realize a Kagome Kondo lattice in CsCr₆Sb₆ exhibiting flat, isolated Kagome bands at the Fermi level.

The authors enhance ferroelectricity in lead-free (K,Na)NbO3-based films via formation of Mn-atomic layered antiphase boundaries. The boundaries equilibrate interfacial charges and clamp vertical strain, contributing to the high polarization and Curie temperature of ~400 °C.

DNA Damage Regulated Autophagy Modulator 1 (DRAM1) plays pivotal roles in autophagy regulation. Here, the authors show that DRAM1 stabilizes lysosomal VAMP8, thereby promoting autolysosome maturation. Furthermore, they establish that DRAM1–VAMP8 axis enhances autophagic flux and facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma extravasation, as validated in both zebrafish xenograft and mouse metastatic models.

Spin-waves have a variety of advantages for information processing, and here, Chen, Xu and coauthors demonstrate the deterministic switching of antiferromagnetic spin textures using non-linear spin-waves. The switching process is progressive, mirroring weighted sum operations in neuromorphic computing.

Reactivity between Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂ solid electrolyte and sodium metal limits battery performance. Here, the authors strengthen the P-O covalency by Na₂SiF₆ doping and introduce a SnF₂ coating to reduce parasitic reactions and create a sodiophilic interface, enabling 1200 cycles at 5 C of a solid-state battery with Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃.

In plants and algae, isoamylases drive phytoglycogen-to-amylopectin conversion. Here, the authors show that ISA1 and ISA2 form a heterocomplex that coordinately trims glucan branches to promote starch granule formation, defining a key step in starch biosynthesis.

Medicinal Aconitum species produce diterpene alkaloids with diverse oxidation catalyzed by yet unknown enzymes. Luo et al. discover that divergent multifunctional P450s are key to driving oxidative diversification, yielding cryptic bioactive diterpenoids in Aconitum spp.

Identifying the sequence of molecular events that leads to melanoma remains challenging. Here, the authors analyse the early stages of melanoma development in mouse models of minimal genetic induction, identifying melanoma emergence with little evidence of consistent DNA mutation or common copy number variation.

Ultrafast electron sources are essential for time-resolved electron microscopy techniques, but they usually suffer from limited stability and short lifetimes. Here, the authors report the fabrication of ultrafast hot-electron sources consisting of graphene films integrated on a single-mode optical fibre, showing enhanced stability and longevity.

Cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) regulate cell fate and are involved in several physiological and pathological processes. Here, using mouse models of allergic rhinitis (AR), the authors reveal the formation of SGs within macrophages of the nasal mucosa and implicate SGs in the regulation of Lrp1-mediated efferocytosis and Type 2 cytokine production, aggravating AR symptoms.

Stereoselective synthetic routes use P3HB (a polyester produced by bacteria) as a chiral feedstock for related polymers that have properties more amenable to processing and use.

Metal-tip-based electron sources are constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width. Here the authors report a carbon-nanotube-based electron source with a 0.3-eV energy spread and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs.

This study reveals that α-lipoic acid (ALA) is reduced in aged mouse and human intestine and ALA supplementation reduces aging hallmarks. Paneth cells play a role in the effects of ALA.

Zhao et al. identified a novel E3 ligase RED and its E2 partner UBC32 which mediates ethylene-induced degradation of ethylene receptors ETR3 via the ERAD pathway in Rosa hybrida and Solanum lycopersicum, providing new insights into controlling ethylene response through receptor turnover.

Single-cell RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing of gallbladder adenocarcinomas from 75 patients stratifies the disease into groups with distinct clinical outcomes.

This study shows that protein kinase A (PKA) drives bone lesions in fibrous dysplasia and that targeting it in mouse models reduces disease severity, highlighting PKA as a promising therapeutic target for fibrous dysplasia.

The epidemic of fat-related metabolic disorders necessitates innovative therapies. Here, the authors show adipose-resident c-kit⁺ cells are crucial brown adipocyte progenitors and provide a promising way to manipulate adult brown adipose tissue for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.

Two-dimensional materials offer potential for coherent light sources but face challenges with integration in silicon photonics. Here, the authors demonstrate a high-performance on-chip photonic circuit based entirely on a van der Waals heterostructure for coherent light generation, guiding and modulation.

Knock-in mice conditionally or constitutively expressing Cas12 variants enable a wide range of ex vivo and in vivo applications requiring multiplexed genome engineering.

Nanocatalysts with multifaceted catalytic properties are promising for therapeutic uses but remain underexplored. Here, the authors report two-dimensional BiCuSeO nanosheets that exhibit multimodal energy transformation-mediated sono-piezoelectric, photothermoelectric and enzyme-mimicking activities, allowing tumour eradication and bacterial infection treatment with spatiotemporal controllability.

The heterogeneity of HSPCs in response to IR stress remains poorly characterized. Here, the authors provide insights into the molecular intricacies of IR-induced BM injury and reveal the roles of BMP4-BMPR2 signaling in radiation resistance of HSCs.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

A fuzzy sequencer can exceed the current limit of information efficiency of DNA sequencers for resequencing applications.

Li et al. uncover a lysosomal surveillance response whereby intestinal lumen deacidification induces a transcriptional programme that boosts lysosomal activity and improves protein aggregate clearance in multiple worm disease models, extending healthspan.

In large prospectively enrolled validation cohorts of patients with cancer and controls and a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals with average risk for cancer, a multicancer early detection test based on plasma cell-free DNA genomics and fragmentomics showed encouraging accuracy in identifying ongoing disease as well as the tissue of origin.

Cao and colleagues show that the RNA-binding E3 ligase MKRN2 selectively inhibits the translation of Il6 messenger RNA in activated macrophages.

In situ methods for water quality monitoring is crucial for global water use and management, though many conventional sensors have slow response time and are non-recyclable. Here, the authors report a recyclable amphiphobic dielectric material for fast monitoring of water pollutants.

Chronic wounds typically exhibit dynamic variations within the complex wound microenvironment over time. Here, Cheng et al. develop a microenvironment-feedback hydrogel to achieve homeostatic wound pH and blood glucose levels to accelerate repair of diabetic chronic wounds.

Memristive and near-threshold computing hold potential for the next-generation edge AI hardware, but their scalability remains a bottleneck. Wang et al. combine the two paradigms to achieve parallel Mb-level computing, whereby the variation in memristors cancels out the intrinsic transistor mismatch.

Acetylation is a posttranscriptional modification widely distributed across RNA types. Here, the authors uncover the role of tRNA ac⁴C12 for translational efficiency and tRNA quality control in both normal and heat stress conditions in mammalian cells.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants. Here, the authors rationally design a range of DHAD inhibitors as herbicides and present the crystal structure of a lead compound in complex with Arabidopsis DHAD.

Formation of a stable self-assembled monolayer for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells remains a challenge. Here uniform and stable SAM anchoring is achieved on a hydroxylated indium tin oxide surface, leading to highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.