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Zhou, Novak and colleagues identify that the Caenorhabditis elegans hypodermis, a peripheral liver-like metabolic tissue, regulates memory via insulin/IGF-1 and Notch signaling, and show that activating this pathway rescues CREB-dependent memory in aged worms.

The methyltransferase OsPRMT6b is found to act as an ABA responsive factor to finely turn down ABA signaling via methylation of ABA receptor, thus facilitating growth recovery as high-temperature stress subsides.

The authors propose a design that equips a programmable metasurface with integrated capability for sensing and manipulating electromagnetic waves, allowing it to leverage the environmental information to enhance wireless system performance in complex environments.

Hegazy and colleagues demonstrate that epithelial oncostatin M receptor expression drives gut inflammation and tumor formation.

The mechanical stability of catalytic electrodes is crucial for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. Here, the authors report a corrosion strategy to construct an electrode with high mechanical stability by anchoring a blade-shaped catalytic layer onto a dense interlayer.

Ferroptosis immunotherapy is promising for treating triple-negative breast cancer, but hindered by limited iron levels in tumor cells and a lack of specific immune responses. Here, the authors report a biohybrid system that enhances iron level by activating endogenous iron ions and replenishing exogenous iron ions and targets ferritin for synergistic ferroptosis immunotherapy.

Rising global military spending significantly increases CO₂ emission intensity, potentially jeopardizing the 1.5 °C and 2 °C climate targets if military expenditure ratio exceeds critical thresholds.

Using a tuning fork-based probe, the authors offer evidence of 2D magnetic moment along the c-axis of CsV₃Sb₅. Their findings suggest that loop currents within the kagome lattice can generate orbital magnetism.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

The powdery mildew resistance of the MLIW170/PM26 locus, which originated from wild emmer wheat, is determined by a genetically linked atypical NLR gene pair, TdCNL1 and TdCNL5, with TdCNL1 encoding an atypical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein integrating a potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger ___domain.

White-light emission from materials and devices usually occurs omni-directional through space. Here, the authors show that sintering carbon dots with TiO₂ forms a microlens-shape surface that enables directional emission with 1/60 solid angle.

A gold catalyst supported on intergrown titanosilicate zeolites enhances propene oxide production by activating oxygen-transfer intermediates more efficiently at Ti interface sites.

Neural networks fundamentally dictate function. Here, the authors show thirteen uniquely connected neuron populations within the anterior thalamic nuclei, suggesting multiple parallel subnetworks support its emotional and cognitive functions.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) remain dominant in live poultry markets in China, and H9N2 AIVs with HA-Q226L, PB2-V/K627 and NP-N52 mutations can be transmitted between guinea pigs and between ferrets via direct contact and respiratory droplet.

Alexander van Oudenaarden and colleagues analyze the temporal dynamics of the Caenorhabditis elegans transcriptome, reporting that ~2,000 genes show periodic expression oscillations in synchrony with progression through larval stages. They characterize the expression dynamics of the microRNA lin-4 and its target lin-14 and suggest that a microRNA-mediated feed-forward circuit is required for efficient dampening of expression oscillations to maintain the temporal gradient of the microRNA target.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

The rational design of diatomic catalysts faces challenges due to the numerous tunable parameters. Here, the authors report a geometric-electronic coupled design using machine learning-derived catalytic “hot spot maps” for screening diatomic catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction.

Dong and Sun et al. show that adipogenesis regulatory cells in murine white adipose tissue inhibit adipogenesis through RSPO2, which regulates maturation of early progenitor cells via Lgr4.

A combination of metagenomic data from experimental and natural warming with microbial culturing experiments shows that warming increases the potential of evolution of antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria.

Cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate is found to be a second messenger in eukaryotic cells that is generated by adenylate cyclase 7 and connects Toll-like receptor 9 stimulation to nucleotide-binding ___domain, leucine-rich repeat protein 3 inflammasome activation.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Meta-learning-empowered reflective lattice light-sheet virtual structured illumination microscopy (Meta-rLLS-VSIM) offers near-isotropic resolution for fast and versatile super-resolution imaging of subcellular dynamics

Zhu and colleagues show that a subpopulation of spleen-derived fibroblasts secrete Gremlin 1, which suppresses chronic myeloid leukemia progression by inducing leukemia stem cell apoptosis through the BMP signaling pathway.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

A fundamental objective of genomics is to track variations in gene expression program. Here, authors developed Dyan-vivo-seq, which offers unprecedented insights into temporal RNA dynamics within intricate and dynamic biological systems at single-cell resolution.

Nanopore direct RNA sequencing is promising for epitranscriptome study but remains limited in single-molecule resolution. Here, the authors develop SingleMod, a tool for accurate single-molecule m6A detection from DRS and reveal cross-species epitranscriptome landscapes at single-molecule level.

Regulation of ice growth and ice growth inhibition are critical and different materials mimicking anti freeze proteins or ice binding surfaces have been developed. Here, the authors combine both concepts in a hyperbranched polyglycerols to change the ice growth activity.

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) phosphorylates CD98HC to promote neutral amino acid antiporter trafficking. Here the authors show that ATM loss impairs glutamate, cystine, and arginine transport, driving metabolic stress and ataxia telangiectasia–like phenotypes.

This study identifies Basal-B cells as a transient cell state during prostate homeostasis and androgen-mediated regeneration. These cells exist in humans and increase in number with prostatitis and inflammation.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) usually metastasizes to the lungs. Here, the authors discover that SWI/SNF ATPase subunit SMARCA4 silencing of HLF regulates ccRCC lung metastasis by modulating the integration of collagen's mechanical cues with the actin cytoskeleton through leupaxin.

The authors report a flexible thermoelectric film, comprising Ag₂Se and reduced graphene oxide, achieving a power factor of 37 μW cm⁻¹ K⁻² in the film and a normalized power density of over 9.8 μW cm⁻² K⁻² in the out-of-plane device.

Lack of standardization between biofoundries limits their operational efficiency. In this perspective the authors advocate for a common framework to improve interoperability and reproducibility.

Holmium doping endows upconversion nanoparticles with a dual-reservoir-level mechanism for parallel photon avalanche emission, enabling tunable chromaticity at room temperature, nonlinearity index up to 22 and spatial resolution for multicolour biological imaging down to 78 nm.

The red fluorescent protein mScarlet3-H is bright, photostable and very robust to high temperature, chaotropic conditions and oxidative environments. mScarlet3-H works well in correlative light and electron microscopy, tissue clearing and time-lapse super-resolution microscopy.

Multi-pulse oscillations are prevalent phenomena in mode-locked lasers and microresonators. Here, the authors achieve the on-demand tailoring of multiple solitons via spectral phase programming, resulting in soliton patterns with separations following constant, geometric, and arithmetic sequences.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Cerebellar ataxia, a hallmark of cerebellar degeneration (CBND), is driven by mitochondrial dysfunction in Purkinje cells. In this study, transplanting mitochondria into CBND mice improve mitochondrial function, reduce mitophagy, and reduce ataxia.

Adoro and colleagues report the involvement of the IRE1α–XBP1 signaling axis in protecting hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from proteomic stress and as a safeguard against leukemic transformation.

The authors construct a nanostructure consisting of defect dipole polarization and polymorphic relaxor phases. The high-entropy ceramic achieves an energy density of 11.23 J cm⁻³, an efficiency of 90.87%, along with temperature sensing feature.

The Dark sectioning algorithm removes the background and provides single-frame optical sectioning in fluorescence microscopy. It offers improved quantitative analysis and deep-tissue segmentation accuracy and is compatible to diverse modalities.

In this work, Dong and coworkers report a set of benzo[f]quinoline-linked covalent organic frameworks via a one-pot three-component [4 + 2] cyclic condensation reaction which are used as photocatalysts for H₂O₂ production in pure water.