Search

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Pressure treatment can modify the luminescence properties of materials. Here the authors use pressure to turn nonemissive organic zinc halide perovskites bright with full color tunability, which enables robust optical anti-counterfeiting applications.

Claudin proteins maintain epithelial and endothelial tight junctions, but their functions in adipocytes lacking such junctions remain unclear. Here, the authors show that claudin-5 present in non-thermogenic adipocytes regulates thermogenesis and energy expenditure by modulating IL-10 secretion.

Chen et al. use UK Biobank data to reveal a dietary pattern associated with a lower risk of dementia, and validate this in additional cohorts.

The authors propose a set of guidelines for far-UVC optical design, under which the multi-stimulated far-UVC luminescence at 222 nm in Pr³⁺ -doped SrF₂ is realized, offering unique opportunities for solar-blind imaging and structural health monitoring in complex environments.

This study reveals that the varying responses of plant biomass to phosphorus addition across plant functional groups align with the leaf economics spectrum, with plants characterized by more acquisitive traits exhibiting stronger responses to phosphorus addition.

The function and regulatory mechanism of mRNA acetylation modification in cancer progression remains largely unknown. Here the authors identify that targeting tumor N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA acetyltransferase NAT10 improves anti-tumor response via MYC/CDK2/DNMT1/dsRNA/type I IFN pathway, and show the synergic anti-tumor effect of NAT10 inhibition with aPD-1.

Cao et al. report an A-site co-doping strategy by substituting Cs+ cation by alkali metals for perovskite quantum wires embedded in nanoporous alumina template, stabilising the crystal structure and enabling high-colour purity LEDs spanning from blue to green spectral region.

R2 retrotransposons are natural RNA guided gene insertion systems. Here, Edmonds et al. characterize the structure and biochemistry of an avian R2 and engineer a compact, all-RNA system to integrate DNA in mammalian cells, aiding the development of future retrotransposon-based gene editors.

The controlled transport of gas bubbles in liquids is crucial for applications like microfluidics and energy systems, yet achieving stable, high-speed motion remains a significant challenge. The authors demonstrate a spark discharge–driven ring bubble generator that produces high-circulation bubbles with velocities up to 12 m/s and travel distances of 800 mm, offering programmable, resilient, and scalable bubble transport in confined spaces.

This study shows how the same brain networks may support resilience differently in individuals with varying genetic risks, enabling more personalized mental health approaches.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Xiao, Dong, Xie, Feng et al. developed FRα-targeting chimeras (FRTACs) for targeted membrane protein degradation by conjugating multiple folate molecules to antibodies of targeted proteins. The folate polyvalency of FRTACs enables high affinity and potency of FRTACs in eliminating target proteins.

Agricultural machinery and supporting sectors such as energy, food processing, transportation and storage are quantified, demonstrating a sixfold increase in related health risks over the past 37 years in China, with disproportionately higher impacts on low-income populations.

Flooding is a growing challenge in many cities worldwide. Using satellite images, this study finds that slum dwellers in the Global South are more likely to settle in floodplains, especially in recently flooded areas.

Legionella effector LnaB, a recently identified actin-activated AMPylase, mediates phosphoryl-AMPylation in a yet-unknown manner. Here the authors unveil a two-step catalytic process involving dual ATPase–AMPylase activity based on structural studies, providing a biochemical basis for AMPylation.

Proteome profiling of plasma samples in human pan-cancer cohorts reveals patterns of biomarkers for diagnosis.

High-energy aqueous metal batteries are promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage systems yet face detrimental parasitic reactions. Here, authors develop a durable cadmium-metal battery employing a fast-kinetics dual-structure-breaking electrolyte.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Ferroptosis immunotherapy is promising for treating triple-negative breast cancer, but hindered by limited iron levels in tumor cells and a lack of specific immune responses. Here, the authors report a biohybrid system that enhances iron level by activating endogenous iron ions and replenishing exogenous iron ions and targets ferritin for synergistic ferroptosis immunotherapy.

Large language models (LLMs) can be useful tools for science, but they often lack expert understanding of complex domains that they were not trained on. Zhang and colleagues fine-tuned a LLaMA-2-7b-based LLM with questions on organic chemistry reactions.

Neural circuit mechanisms that regulate the panic-like defensive state are not fully understood. Using a robot-based experimental paradigm, the authors identify Cbln2-expressing (Cbln2+) neurons in the mouse posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PHN) as a key neuronal population essential for the induction of panic-like defensive state.

The mechanism of macrophage cytotoxicity against cancer cells requires further illustration. By employing CRISPR screening in CAR-macrophage and cancer cell co-culture system, the authors identify depletion of ATG9A on cancer cells sensitizes them to macrophage-mediated killing, which can be synergic with CSF1R inhibition in cancer treatment.

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants. Here, the authors rationally design a range of DHAD inhibitors as herbicides and present the crystal structure of a lead compound in complex with Arabidopsis DHAD.

ACSS2 catalyzes the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA. Here, authors show that ACSS2 regulates iron metabolism and ferroptosis in alcoholic liver disease by modulating the histone acetylation of HAMP1/2.

Converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) is challenging. Here, the authors develop a photoelectrochemical biohybrid system for fixing N2 into NH3, which consists of Cu2O/TiO2 nanowires and the N2-fixing diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii.

Fluorinated amides are prevalent structural motifs in pharmaceuticals and bioactive molecules, but their enantioselective synthesis is challenging. Here, the authors synthesize fluorinated amide compounds with distal chirality (γ to F) using ene-reductases and blue light irradiation.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Histone crotonylation is implicated in transcriptional regulation. Here, the authors perform genome-wide mapping of histone crotonylation in mouse and human early embryos. Suppression of histone crotonylation results in developmental arrest at 2-cell stage due to impaired transcriptional activity. Embryos from aged female mice exhibit diminished histone crotonylation, while sodium crotonate supplementation facilitates blastocyst formation.

On-target, off-tumour toxicity is a major concern in immunotherapy. Here, aided by computer docking analysis, the authors introduce a single oxygen atom into the TLR7/8 agonist R848, generating a radiotherapy-activatable prodrug agonist that in mice helps mitigate systemic toxicity while triggering effective anti-tumor immunity responses upon radiation.

The epidemic of fat-related metabolic disorders necessitates innovative therapies. Here, the authors show adipose-resident c-kit⁺ cells are crucial brown adipocyte progenitors and provide a promising way to manipulate adult brown adipose tissue for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.

Chronic wounds typically exhibit dynamic variations within the complex wound microenvironment over time. Here, Cheng et al. develop a microenvironment-feedback hydrogel to achieve homeostatic wound pH and blood glucose levels to accelerate repair of diabetic chronic wounds.

Topological lasers with enhanced robustness have revolutionized the paradigm of laser design, yet their implementation in disclination geometries remains largely unexplored. Here, the authors demonstrate a mid-gap topological exciton-polariton laser in a C4v disclination perovskite lattice at room temperature.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

Parasitoid wasps are reared and released as biocontrol agents to manage aphids and protect crops. Here, the authors use genomes from 542 wasps to show that, in spite of wide scale release of low-diversity captive individuals, diversity in wild populations is maintained.

Tough hydrogels have potential in a range of applications, but achieving the required balance of properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the use of carbon dots to induce the formation of crystalline domains in hydrogels, to give materials with favourable properties.

The full exploitation of back contact silicon solar cells is crucial to achieve a high performance for potential industrialization. Here, authors incorporate a double-sided light management strategy to reduce optical losses, achieving a total-area efficiency of 27.03% for 350 cm2 solar cells.

Zhou et al. report a 0D Mn-based hybrid metal halide incorporating a long branch alkyl chain with high steric hindrance to enable the formation of transparent glassy state, reducing the light scattering for fast neutron radiography and enabling a spatial resolution of 5 lp mm⁻¹.

Phosphorus is vital for permafrost ecosystems. Here, the authors combine soil resampling with a modified process-balanced model to assess the historical changes of soil phosphorus and the key flows of phosphorus across the Tibetan permafrost region.

Microbial nitrogen cycling on Tibetan Plateau glacier surfaces remains poorly understood. This study reveals over 90% taxa possess nitrogen metabolic potential (33% transcriptionally active), with temperature-nitrogen co-regulation identified.

The authors enhance ferroelectricity in lead-free (K,Na)NbO3-based films via formation of Mn-atomic layered antiphase boundaries. The boundaries equilibrate interfacial charges and clamp vertical strain, contributing to the high polarization and Curie temperature of ~400 °C.

Here, the authors identify EZH2-mediated DDX1 K234 methylation as a driver of MATR3 mis-splicing, leading to senescence and apoptosis of NP cells, and propose lipid nanoparticle-based delivery of full-length MATR3 as a potential therapy for IVDD.

Carbonaceous chondrites are amongst the most chemically primitive solid materials in the Solar System. Here, the authors reports enrichments in heavier zinc isotopes in heated carbonaceous chondrites compared to the typical ranges for chondritic meteorites.

A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a ___location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Here, the authors report on the thermal and mechanical properties of Ruddlesden-Popper phases (Ban+1ZrnS3n+1, n = 2 and 3) of a perovskite chalcogenide (BaZrS3) that push to extreme limits and defy the century-old relation between thermal conductivity and interatomic bond strength.