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The neurotransmitter serotonin regulates cancer through receptor-signaling activation, but also epigenetics mechanisms by serotonylation. Here, the authors show that histone serotonylation promotes pancreatic cancer progression by upregulating stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which remodels lipid metabolism, suggesting a potential target for therapy.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

A foundation model for the motion correction, resolution enhancement, denoising and harmonization of magnetic resonance images improves the performance of machine-learning models across a wide range of tasks.

Metal-free catalysts offer a sustainable option for water oxidation but typically underperform compared to metal-based ones. Here, the authors report an all-organic catalyst that uses a rare oxide pathway to achieve high efficiency and long-term stability, comparable to metal-based systems.

SFTS is an emerging tick-borne disease with high mortality rates caused by the SFTS virus. Here, the authors identify LRP1 as an entry factor for SFTSV, show that SFTSV glycoprotein Gn interacts with LRP1 and that blocking LRP1 reduces viral infection and improves survival in lethal mouse models.

Developing chemistries for positive electrodes with large specific capacities and high operating potentials is highly desirable for aqueous zinc batteries. Here, authors report a reversible Se electrode that undergoes ZnSe↔Se↔SeCl₄ reaction, combined with Br⁻ /Br^{n –} redox couple as Se revitalizer to enhance cycling performance.

Model simulations show that the observed trends in the seasonal amplitude of methane can be attributed to changes in emissions and the atmospheric sink from reaction with the hydroxyl radical.

The photochemical transformations of aryl thiols to other functional groups have been scarcely explored. Here the authors present a carboxylation of aryl thiols using 1 atmosphere of CO₂ under photoirradiative conditions, a methodology which can be extended to the degradation of polyphenylene sulfide.

Comparing to the electrochemical energy-storage technologies, the energy density of the dielectric capacitors is generally low. Here, the author predicts a conceptional phase of “metaparaelectric” in III nitride compounds (Al, Sc, B) N to improve energy density.

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a potential solution to train machine learning models in multiple clinical datasets while preserving patient privacy. Here, the authors develop an MRI-based FL platform for pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors—FL-PedBrain—and evaluate it on a diverse multi-center cohort.

An analysis of genomic, molecular and neuroanatomical traits across extant primates reveals early divergence in visual and olfactory systems of major primate lineages consistent with lineage-specific shifts in diel activity and dietary niche, providing support for a sensory ‘reallocation’ hypothesis.

Disturbing the redox balance in anaerobic bacteria presents a promising but underdeveloped strategy for the treatment of difficult-to-cure diseases caused by anaerobic bacteria. Here, the authors report a photocatalytic system to perturb the redox balance in oxygen-free conditions, achieving photocatalytic therapy to treat periodontitis.

Li et al. report the sublattice decoupling in Rb₆Re₆S₈I₈ upon compression, in which [Rb₆I₂]⁴⁺ framework can be selectively amorphized while the [Re₆S₈I₆]^4- clusters keep in ordered state, leading to emission-to-photocurrent switching at 15 GPa, which can retain when back to ambient condition.

Self-assembled monolayers are essential for achieving high performance solar cells by minimizing interfacial energy losses. Here, authors the develop a co-adsorb strategy with a small molecule to provide a favorable heterointerface, realizing high efficiency in p-i-n perovskite and organic devices.

Molecular electronics or spintronics relies on manipulating the electronic transport through microscopic molecule structures. Here the authors demonstrate the selective electron pathway in single-molecule device by magnetic field which enables a tunable anisotropic magnetoresistance up to 93%.

Universal properties have previously been observed mostly in the equilibrium physics of many-body systems in the low-energy and low-temperature regime. Now universality is observed at high temperature in the spin dynamics of a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance system.

The record-breaking atmospheric methane growth rates in 2020 and 2021 revealed heightened emissions from inundated areas in tropical Africa and Asia. However, current processed-based wetland models fail to capture emission surges in these regions.

MXenes are two-dimensional materials with promising applications, but their oxidation mechanisms under electrochemical conditions are poorly understood. Here, the authors use theoretical simulations to investigate how the oxidation of MXenes is influenced by the electrode potential.

The sterile insect technique involves the introduction of sterile males to induce sterility in females and reduce population size. Here, the authors show that sterile males may also reduce female density and inhibit female blood feeding through mating harassment.

Devices made up of nanowires offer promise for a range of electronic, photonic and energy applications. Liuet al. fabricate a miniature capacitor by employing a thin layer of Cu₂O as a separator between layers of carbon and copper.

A haplotype-resolved genome of hybrid sugarcane cultivar XTT22 and population analyses of Saccharum accessions highlight the genome evolution of allopolyploids and provide opportunities for sugarcane breeding.

Species genomes are important for analyses of genetic variation. Wu et al. assembled a T2T genome of a male cashmere goat, including 288.5 Mb of previously unresolved regions, and identified selective variants and genes associated with domestication and cashmere traits.

The poor structural stability of cathode materials is responsible for the rapid capacity loss of sodium-ion batteries during cycling. This work addresses the instability by introducing vacancies into the transition metal layers and realize long-life pouch cells.

Gate tunable and ultrabroadband third-harmonic generation can be achieved in graphene, paving the way for electrically tunable broadband frequency converters for applications in optical communications and signal processing.

Gasdermin D Cys191 is S-palmitoylated, and palmitoylation is required for pore formation.

A study integrating single-cell RNA-sequencing and electrophysiology data shows that in mouse, the cellular repertoire of the thalamic reticular nucleus is characterized by a transcriptomic gradient defined at its extremes by mutually exclusive expression of Spp1 and Ecel1, providing insights into the organizational principles underlying the divergent functions of this brain region.

This study identifies a deubiquitinase (DUB) that specifically recognises and cleaves linear ubiquitin chains, implicating linear (de)ubiquitination in Wnt signalling and angiogenesis; mutations in gumby cause defects in angiogenesis in mice, and structural and biochemical analysis shows that gumby encodes a linear-ubiquitin-specific DUB.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods with high sensitivity are needed. Here the authors develop multiplex πFISH rainbow to detect a range of biomolecules; they also combine this with the hybridization chain reaction to develop πFISH+ technology for short nucleic acid fragment detection.

Tetrahedral DNA framework-enabled bulk enzyme heterojunctions have been used to program biosensor interfaces. Here, the authors use DNA tetrahedrons to tether enzymes of an enzymatic cascade to gold electrodes, hence raising them over the bulk solution, which led to improved kinetics and sensitivity.

We report on a near-zero-power flexible heat pump that uses both electrocaloric and electrostrictive properties of a tailored polymer to create a chip-scale refrigerator device.

Inhibiting POLR2A expression upon siRNA delivery represents a promising therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancers characterized by p53 inactivation.

Novel technology to rapidly clone patient-specific, ‘ground state’ stem cells of columnar epithelia reveals their proliferative potential, remarkably precise and origin-dependent lineage commitment as well as genomic stability, despite extensive culturing, thereby skirting limitations associated with pluripotent stem cells.

While water electrolysis offers a potential path for renewable hydrogen fuel, water oxidation electrocatalysts typically suffer from poor stabilities in acid. Here, authors prepare ruthenium-based pyrochlores and demonstrate promising activities and durabilities for acidic water electro-oxidation.

Nanoparticle clearance is critical for safety and therapeutic applicability. Here the authors report the modulatory role of microglial extracellular vesicles on the brain clearance of organic and inorganic nanoparticles and provide a strategy to control their intracerebral fate.

Circular RNAs are known to be linked to cancer regulation. Here, the authors identify a circular RNA signature associated with immune checkpoint response in melanoma.

Cai et al. show that, in lysosomes under hydrostatic pressure in macrophages, lysosomal mechanosensitive channels cause a cation leak. This leads to the inhibition of mTORC1, activation of TFEB/TFE3 and release of monocyte chemoattractant proteins.