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Heterogeneous single-atom systems demonstrate the potential to overcome the performance limitations of single-atom catalysts through synergistic interactions. Here, the authors report site-specific synergy in heterogeneous single atoms for oxygen evolution by anchoring the atoms onto different sites.

Atomically thin alloys are promising electrocatalysts but suffer from poor homogeneity. Here a multi-element metallene system is synthesized using an auto-catalytic method. The hexagonal close-packed intermetallic structure and isolated surface Ru–O₃ sites provide optimal adsorption of intermediates, contributing to high hydrogen oxidation activity and stability.

Understanding the role of atomic sites in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction remains challenging. This study provides insights into dynamic Ru^δ+-O/Ru⁰-O pair reconstruction and explores approaches to enhancing intermediate regulation and asymmetric *CO-*CHO coupling for producing C₂₊ products.

Lack of stability in RuO₂-based catalysts at industrial currents impedes their use in green hydrogen production. Here, the authors show that incorporating lanthanide elements into RuO_x shields against external factors, enabling fine-tuned Ru-O covalency for durable oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysis.

Clusters have proven useful models to elucidate the correlation between macroscopic properties and microstructures, but the exploration of actinide clusters lags. Here, the authors report the synthesis of a tetra-shell mixed-metal cluster which features a Th₁₃ core and acts as a highly effective visible light-driven CO₂ reduction photocatalyst.

Deconvoluting and quantitating ligand effect from the typical strain-ligand effects in a real catalytic structure remains challenging. Here, the authors report a core/shell catalyst model to quantitate how much ligand effect solely contributes to electrocatalytic performance through experimental design.

Coordination-driven supramolecular assembly provides the ability to build molecular architectures of impressive complexity. Here, the authors use a series of linear metal-organic ligands with specific sequences to construct multiple generations of precisely-controlled, 2D fractal polycyclic supramolecules.

Chiral vicinal amino alcohols are found in many bioactive compounds and may serve as chiral ligands. Here, the authors report a photocatalytic enantioselective cross-coupling of nitrones with aromatic aldehydes with a chiral ligand-coordinated rare earth ion synergistically producing enantiopure vicinal amino alcohols.

Enantioselective three-component radical cross-coupling is achieved using a thiamine-dependent enzyme and photoredox catalysis, giving access to ketone products with exceptional stereoselectivity.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

The authors experimentally realize the control of the topological charge of magnetic skyrmionic structures at room temperature in a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) platform with spatially alternating signs. By modifying the DMI energy landscape through chemisorbed oxygen, a magnetic topological transition is realized.

2D semiconductors are promising candidates for next-generation electronics, but the realization of competitive 2D p-type transistors remains challenging. Here, the authors report the characterization of nitric-oxide-doped monolayer and bilayer WSe₂ p-type transistor arrays, showing on-state currents up to 300–448 μA/μm, contact resistance down to 390–875 Ω·μm and on/off ratios of ~ 10⁶−10⁹.

Electrosynthesis via two electron water reactions offers a promising method for decentralized H₂O₂ production, yet its mechanism remains unclear. Here, the authors address the challenge by using in-situ Raman and DEMS, and demonstrate 93% of H₂O₂ forms via the carbonate coupling route through a C₂O₆²⁻ intermediate.

The Ebola and Marburg viruses use polymerase complexes to replicate and transcribe their genome. Here, the authors present cryo-EM structures of the polymerase complexes of both viruses and identify virus-specific interactions.

The photocatalytic reforming of plastics into value-added chemicals offers a promising strategy to address environmental challenges while providing significant energy benefits. Here, the authors develop modified carbon nitride with enhanced visible light absorption, effectively anchoring under-coordinated IrN₂O₂ sites to catalyze the oxidation of persistent plastic derivatives.

An iron tetraphenylporphyrin complex is shown to catalyse the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane upon visible light irradiation at ambient temperature and pressure.

A large number of marketed drugs contains a chiral carboxylic acid scaffold. Here, the authors report the asymmetric hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to α-chiral carboxylic acids using a cobalt catalyst bearing an electron-donating chiral diphosphine ligand.

Phosphonyl and carboxyl groups are valuable functional groups, however their simultaneous incorporation via catalytic difunctionalization of alkenes has not been realized yet. Here the authors report the phosphonocarboxylation of alkenes with CO₂ via visible-light photoredox catalysis.

The proton-sensing GPCRs detect extracellular low pH and regulate diverse physiological responses. Here, the authors report cryo-EM structures of GPR4, which provide insight into the structural features of proton sensing mechanism.

Cyclotelomerization of isoprene can lead to many isomers and controlling the selectivity in this reaction has been challenging for chemical methods. Now, Ni-catalysed nucleophilic cyclotelomerization of isoprene with heterocycles provides cyclic monoterpene derivatives with high selectivity.

Post-translational modifications regulate tumorigenesis and cancer therapy sensitivity. Here, the authors show that N-glycosylation defective Interleukin-6 (deNG-IL6) switches downstream signalling pathway from JAK-STAT3 to SRC-YAP axis and lung cancer cells secrete deNG-IL6 to promote metastasis and tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.

Alcohol oxidation to carbonyl compounds is a very useful functional group transformation in organic synthesis. Here, the authors perform the direct electrochemical oxidation of various alcohols to the corresponding ketones in a continuous-flow reactor without external oxidants, base or mediators.

Huang et al. show that ADAM9 loss upregulates PAI-1, promoting its interaction with KRAS and resulting in selective lysosomal degradation of KRAS. They also identify a small-molecule inhibitor of ADAM9 with therapeutic benefits in the context of PDAC.

The transcription factor FOXM1 forms functional condensates, the formation of which can be targeted with a specific peptide to suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis.

Despite various known topological polar structures, the dynamic property of isolated ones is still poorly understood. Here, the authors show the controlled nucleation and ability to move of isolated three-fold vertices under an applied electric field.

Blue phosphorene (BlueP) is a 2D phosphorus allotrope predicted to host Dirac fermions and other interesting electronic properties. Here, the authors report the growth of large-area BlueP films with ordered chiral nanostructures on Cu(111) substrates, expanding the range of its potential applications.

Unveiling the regulation of mitotic protein degradation is crucial for cancer therapy. Here, the authors reveal that a reciprocal inhibition of PIN1-APC/C^CDH1 controls the cell cycle and mitotic protein degradation, offering a synergistic anti-tumor strategy.

Bacteria in biofilms present unique metabolic conditions that limit the traditional antibiotic treatment. Here, the authors show a photodynamic therapy-activated chemotherapy potentiating the hypoxia of biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by developing hyaluronic acid nanoparticles functionalized with chlorin e6 and metronidazole.

Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA1) is important for Plasmodium parasite invasion, but surface polymorphisms in P. falciparum AMA1 hamper vaccine and antibody development. Here the authors identify a humanised single-___domain antibody molecule, an i-body, that binds to AMA1 of all Plasmodium parasites examined and inhibits parasite invasion.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Large discrete 2D metallosupramolecules bridge the gap between small metallopolygons and infinite 2D metallopolymers, and are emerging platforms for the investigation of the structure–property–function relationships of 2D materials. This Review focuses on the design, synthesis and characterization of 2D metallosupramolecules, and presents a perspective on the future research directions.

Broomcorn millet is one of the earliest domesticated plants and has the highest water use efficiency among cereals. Here, the authors report its genome assembly and annotation, which provides a valuable resource for breeders and paves the way for studying plant drought tolerance and C₄ photosynthesis.

The development of divergent reaction pathways controlled by different ligands is a critical goal. Here the authors describe a cobalt-catalyzed strategy for cascade coupling of 1,3-enynes with two molecules of acrylates through three reaction modes.

The adaptor protein TRADD is a regulator of both cellular homeostasis and apoptosis, and represents a potential therapeutic target for human diseases.

The tRNA synthases AARS1 and AARS2 are identified as evolutionarily conserved sensors of intracellular l-lactate to mediate the global lysine lactylome.

Light-induced deformation known as photostriction could be used for green energy devices but in most materials the effect is too small to be of practical use. Here, Weiet al. study the photostriction of strontium ruthenate and find photon-induced strain efficiencies of more than one percent.

Traditional catalytic techniques often encounter obstacles in the search for sustainable solutions for converting CO₂ into value-added products because of their high energy consumption and expensive catalysts. Here, we introduce a contact-electro-catalysis approach for CO₂ reduction reaction, achieving CO Faradaic efficiency of 96.24%.

Cryo-EM structures of the RAG endonuclease in complex with intact DNA substrates reveal that DNA melting is the first step in V(D)J recombination, a mechanism potentially conserved in retroviral integration and DNA transposition.

Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces have complex life cycles involving cellular differentiation and multicellular structures that have never been observed in archaea. Here, the authors show that several halophilic archaea display a life cycle resembling that of Streptomyces bacteria, undergoing cellular differentiation into mycelia and spores.

The deacetylase SIRT1 regulates IRF3/IRF7-mediated antiviral interferon signaling. Here the authors show that SIRT1 deactylates the DNA-binding ___domain resulting in liquid–liquid phase separation of IRF3/IRF7 and that this signaling is inhibited in aging, an effect that can be reversed with a SIRT1 agonist to restore antiviral response.

A study shows that clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is associated with an increased risk of chronic liver disease specifically through the promotion of liver inflammation and injury.

Giant magnetoresistive nanosensors are used to quantify the binding kinetics of proteins at the surface of the sensor array, thus offering a sensitive assay for applications in antibody and drug development, and clinical diagnostics.

The solid-electrolyte interphase is crucial for most batteries, but its characterization is challenging. Here, authors develop a depth-sensitive plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method to enable in-situ and nondestructive resolving of its structure and chemistry as well as formation mechanisms.

Cai et al. show that CK1α suppresses lung cancer growth by inducing autophagy through a PTEN–AKT–FOXO3a pathway that ultimately leads to ATG7 expression.

Proteomics can aid in the identification of molecular subtypes in cancers. Here, the authors perform proteomic profiling of 124 paired oesophageal cancer and adjacent non-tumour tissues and identify two subtypes that are associated with patient survival for therapeutic targeting.

Chiea Chuen Khor, Tin Aung, Francesca Pasutto, Janey Wiggs and colleagues report a global genome-wide association study of exfoliation syndrome and a fine-mapping analysis of a previously identified disease-associated locus, LOXL1. They identify a rare protective variant in LOXL1 exclusive to the Japanese population and five new common variant susceptibility loci.