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Here, the authors develop an antiferromagnet/topological insulator heterostructure, MnSe/(Bi,Sb)₂Te₃, to obtain laser-induced transient magnetic moment and optically controllable circularly polarized ultrafast terahertz pulse generation, under zero external magnetic field.

The first outbreaks of mpox outside Africa in 2022 were caused by clade II but cases of a new clade Ib have been increasing in the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighbouring countries since 2024. Here, the authors describe a case report and public health investigation of the first detected case of mpox clade Ib in China.

The oxide passivation layer on the lithium metal surface causes uneven deposition and stripping in lithium metal batteries. Here authors introduce uniform homo-epitaxial lithium deposition on the metal surface to alleviate this issue and improve the cycle stability of the lithium metal batteries.

Synaptic adhesion molecules like PTPδ are critical for synapse formation and function. Here authors show PTPδ with mini-exon B regulates excitatory synapses in cell-type-specific and IL1RAP-dependent manners.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

From modern seasonal to the deep time, global data show that continental hydrology has a direct and consistent effect on river and marine Li isotope compositions, highlighting a crucial role of climate on Earth’s weathering and the carbon cycle.

Spatially resolved transcriptomic profiling of primary tumours and metastases from patients with pancreatic cancer provides insight into the evolutionary progression to metastasis, and the variation in clonal architecture within and between individuals.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes are used to treat bone defects, but face challenges in regulating the immune microenvironment. Here, Yang et al. report a Janus collagen-based barrier membrane that modulates the osteoimmune microenvironment to effectively promote bone regeneration.

How the enzyme diacylglycerol kinase can form membrane anchors and an active site from so few amino-acid residues has long been a mystery. Crystal structures reveal that it gets by with a little help from its friends. See Letter p.521

External stimulus-induced cellular stress response plays a role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here the authors show that stress-induced activation of p38 MAPK leads to ACSL4 phosphorylation and Src myristoylation to promote tumorigenesis in ESCC.

The role of metal-coordination environment on the effectiveness of water oxidation catalysts is relatively unexplored. Here, the authors study a range of cobalt phosphate catalysts with varying coordination environments and observe high activity and stability for a distorted tetrahedral cobalt system.

How a precancerous form (dysplasia) becomes gastric cancer is unclear. Here, the authors assess the role of Kras activation in heterogenous dysplastic cells in murine stomach corpus organoids, identifying two dysplastic stem cell populations and show that MEK inhibition causes alterations in cell behavior.

Bone and blood lineage cells communicate with each other to maintain skeletal homeostasis. Here, the authors show that MIRO1-mediated mitochondrial transfer from osteolineage to myeloid lineage cells regulates bone resorption by altering glutathione metabolism.

West Pacific ferromanganese crust provides new insights to Late Miocene Cooling associated with the increased continental phosphorus weathering.

A foundation model learns transcriptional regulatory syntax from chromatin accessibility and sequence data across a range of cell types to predict gene expression and transcription factor interactions, with generalizability to unseen cell types.

Air-stability is a critical challenge faced by layered sodium transition metal oxide cathodes. Here, the authors depict a general and in-depth model of the structural/chemical evolution of P2-type layered oxides in air and propose an evaluation rule for the air-stability of layered sodium cathodes.

Suppressing phase transitions is crucial for the layered lithium/sodium transition metal oxide cathodes in batteries. Here, the authors report a water-mediated strategy to mitigate the phase transitions and boost electrochemical performances of manganese-based layered cathodes for cost-effective Na-ion batteries.

Subarctic Pacific Ocean sediments and modeling results provide new evidence for precession driving meridional shifts in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and modulating the efficiency of heat and water vapor transfer to the Arctic regions.

Sensing internal body states is crucial for physiological homeostasis. Here, the authors show that the C. elegans PIEZO channel regulates swallowing by detecting intestinal food buildup and triggering pharyngeal movements to aid ingestion.

Here the authors report that the yeast ubiquitin E3 ligase Bre1 and its human homolog RNF20 function as recombination mediator proteins by promoting Rad51-ssDNA assembly, Rad51 replacement of ssDNA-bound RPA while antagonizing the activities of Srs2 or FBH1 anti-recombinase.

Ahmed, Nguyen et al. show that two FDA-approved antibiotics, paromomycin and neomycin, promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction in mice and pigs by interfering with the cell division inhibiting function of transcription factors Meis1 and Hoxb13.

Expansions of Antarctic Intermediate Water can help explain centennial-scale atmospheric CO₂ highs during the last deglaciation, according to a reconstruction of the marine carbonate system in the Southern Ocean.

Global warming is expected to increase mortality due to heat stress in many regions. Here, the authors asses how mortality due to high temperatures changes in China changes for different demographic groups and show that heat-related excess mortality is increasing under climate change, a process that is strongly amplified by population ageing.

The neurofilament cytoskeleton is critical for axon function and can be dysregulated in disease. Here, the authors show that intracellular glycosylation regulates a key neurofilament protein.

Phosphorylation catalyzed by kinases is a key event in signaling pathways involved in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Here the authors show that the kinase CLK4 ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy by phosphorylating NEXN.

Accurate detection of TADs requires ultra-deep sequencing and sophisticated normalisation procedures, which limits the analysis of Hi-C data. Here the authors develop a normalisation-free method to decode the domains of chromosomes (deDoc) that utilizes structural entropy to predict TADs with ultra-low sequencing data.

This paper shows that desertification combating practices decline incomes of farmers and herders, and China needs to adapt its ecological programmes to address the impacts of climate change and create positive synergies to combat desertification.

Considerable genetic variation exists in maize ear size and kernel number. Here the authors show that variation in a gene encoding an ethylene biosynthetic enzyme impacts ear length, flower fertility and kernel yield suggesting an important role for ethylene signaling during inflorescence development.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries are good systems for large-scale energy storage. Here, the authors report that the corrosion of zinc metal anode is the origin of limited lifetime of vanadium oxide-based aqueous zinc ion batteries, and supressing corrosion improves the calendar and cycle lifetime markedly.

Cobalt oxide nanoparticles can carry out overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of around 5%.

The APOBEC-AID family of cytidine deaminases target single-stranded nucleic acids for cytidine-to-uridine deamination and can thereby affect DNA repair processes that occur during CRISPR–Cas9-mediated genome editing.

The Escherichia coli isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase (AceK) is a bifunctional enzyme that can phosphorylate or dephosphorylate isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) to either inactivate or activate it in response to environmental changes. Now the structures of AceK and the AceK–ICDH complex have been solved, revealing the conformational changes that occur when AceK changes from a kinase to a phosphatase and vice versa.

Recent advances have enabled high-speed three-dimensional optical imaging through the use of fluorescent markers. Here, Chenet al. integrate stimulated Raman imaging into those methods, enabling the label-free and chemically specific volumetric imaging of complex samples.