Search

This study reports the synthesis of Ru₁Co single atom alloys with tunable crystal phases, revealing that the hexagonal-close-packed phase outperforms others in the nitrate reduction to ammonia due to shorter Ru-Co distances and stronger interatomic interactions, which improve NO₃⁻ adsorption.

Tear secretion from lacrimal gland is essential for ocular health, but the regulatory role of sympathetic nervous system is unclear. The authors show that sympathetic activation suppresses lacrimal tear secretion and aggravates dry eye disease via NA–Adra1a–Ucp2 signaling.

The Dark sectioning algorithm removes the background and provides single-frame optical sectioning in fluorescence microscopy. It offers improved quantitative analysis and deep-tissue segmentation accuracy and is compatible to diverse modalities.

SARS-CoV-2 variants with immune escape capability highlight the need for the development of cross-neutralising vaccines and regimens. Here, the authors assess the immunogenicity and safety of NVSI-06-08, that integrates antigens from multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains into a single immunogen, as a heterologous booster in adults previously vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine.

Sun, Fu, Zheng, Hong, Liu et al. generate a single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the primate cochlear aging, identifying an age-related decline in Slc35f1 and showing that silencing Slc35f1 in mice induces hair cell degeneration and auditory deficits.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Only a holistic approach can help to mitigate the intensified global systemic environmental risks under climate change.

SIRT5 protects against primate skeletal muscle ageing through TBK1 desuccinylation, which inhibits the downstream inflammatory and senescent phenotypes.

PM_2.5 pollution partially counteracts vegetation greening trends by delaying green-up dates and reducing photosynthetic activity. This study shows that the negative feedback between PM_2.5 pollution and terrestrial carbon uptake introduces unforeseen uncertainty in China’s carbon neutrality goals.

Through multimodal analyses of human cardiac tissues across different ages, Fan, Zheng, Zhan, Xu, Liu and colleagues reveal that RNA-binding protein ARID5A drives inflammaging by stabilizing the MAVS mRNA and activating the NF-κB–TBK1 pathway, and show that inactivating myocardial ARID5A attenuates cardiac senescence and functional decline.

Despite the importance of chiral macrocycles, their synthesis has lagged behind those of normal and medium-sized rings. Now a bio-inspired catalytic metallic dipole relay strategy enables access to the synthesis of axially chiral 14-, 15- and 20-membered macrocyclic products.

Integrating remote sensing and eco-evolutionary theory, this study explains 80–84% of photosynthetic efficiency variation across ecosystems by incorporating plant traits such as chlorophyll and leaf longevity with climate data, highlighting the importance of these traits for global carbon modelling.

Developing efficient single-atom catalysts for clean energy technologies is still challenging. Here, the authors report a facile method to increase the density and tune the coordination of iron atom loaded in single-atom catalysts that boosts the activity for pH-universal oxygen electrolysis.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

The authors demonstrate an efficient way to generate high-purity vortex beams by applying optical neural networks to cascaded phase-only metasurfaces. Specifically, they present record-high-quality Laguerre-Gaussian (LG_p,l) optical modes with polynomial orders p = 10 and l = 200 with purity in p, l and relative conversion efficiency of 96%, 85%, and 70%, respectively.

Liver endothelial cells respond differentially to various insults, influencing the liver’s niche and disease outcomes. Here the authors show that in response to bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid during cholestasis, endothelial Myc activation triggers P-selectin expression, promoting neutrophil infiltration and liver damage.

SARS-CoV-2 mainly transmits via respiratory droplets. Here Deng et al. show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect rhesus macaques via ocular conjunctival inoculation.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes interstitial pneumonia and viral replication in the lungs of transgenic mice that express a human version of ACE2, confirming the pathogenicity of the virus in this model.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae inner kinetochore complex provide insights into the interdependencies of constituent subcomplexes and the mechanism of centromeric nucleosome recognition.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Benzofurazan, a cyclic heterocycle, can form open-chain metal carbene species in the presence of suitable catalysts. Here the authors show divergent reactivity when using gold(III) and platinum(II) catalysts, and perform computational and experimental mechanistic studies to explain the differing reactivity

A new AI generative model leverages the use of synthetic images to effectively augment existing datasets, boosting performance across multiple medical applications

While light-driven water splitting offers a renewable means to produce fuel, the limited availability of high-performance materials inspires the search for new photocatalysts. Here, authors demonstrate two-dimensional NiPS₃ to enhance semiconductor photocatalytic H₂ evolution activities.

Single-atom catalysts have proven successful in many catalytic applications. Now, Li, Wu and co-workers show that single-atom catalysts can be prepared directly from bulk metals using an ammonia atmosphere, owing to the formation of volatile metal–ammonia species that are trapped by the nitrogen-rich carbon support.

This study presents an exceptionally well-preserved fossil fish from the Silurian period (more than 418 million years ago) from southern China. The new form shows a mix of derived and primitive features. It is the earliest known well-preserved bony fish, and is a basal member of the lobe-finned fishes (which includes, today, the lungfishes, coelacanth and all land vertebrates), meaning that the split between ray-finned and lobe-finned bony fishes must have happened at least 419 million years ago, suggesting a deep history for jawed vertebrates.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

Empathy and aggression are essential to well-being and survival, but its circuit mechanism remains unclear. Here, authors show two specific pathways from the medial amygdala as brain switches that control the consolation or attacking respectively.

A wax-aided immersion methodology is developed to yield graphene rolls with tunable chiral angles; these graphene rolls exhibit promising chiral electronic properties beyond those of other carbon allotropes.

Release of the zero-COVID policy in China in late 2022 led to two large Omicron-driven waves of infection in 2023. Here, the authors analyze virus genomes and serology data from before and after the two waves and describe changes in virus lineage distribution and age-specific antibody responses.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare primary osteolytic bone tumor with high local recurrence rate after surgical resection. Here the authors conduct a phase Ib/II trial, evaluating the efficacy and safety of JMT103 (RANK-RANKL inhibitor) in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging GCTB.

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is a tightly regulated process serving as a sustainable source of nitrogen (N) in agriculture. Here it is shown that external N sources precisely regulate N fixation efficiency by modulating iron transport in nodules of legumes.

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, the authors show a potential role for synaptotagmin-11 in schizophrenia-related behavior through dopamine over-transmission.