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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) usually metastasizes to the lungs. Here, the authors discover that SWI/SNF ATPase subunit SMARCA4 silencing of HLF regulates ccRCC lung metastasis by modulating the integration of collagen's mechanical cues with the actin cytoskeleton through leupaxin.

The neurotransmitter serotonin regulates cancer through receptor-signaling activation, but also epigenetics mechanisms by serotonylation. Here, the authors show that histone serotonylation promotes pancreatic cancer progression by upregulating stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which remodels lipid metabolism, suggesting a potential target for therapy.

In situ methods for water quality monitoring is crucial for global water use and management, though many conventional sensors have slow response time and are non-recyclable. Here, the authors report a recyclable amphiphobic dielectric material for fast monitoring of water pollutants.

A β-GalNAc-O-tyrosine glycopeptide co-assembles with Aβ42 into distinct fibrils, reducing toxic oligomers and neurotoxicity in cells and an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model, suggesting a new modality to modulate amyloid aggregation.

Sun et al. identify CFAP100 as a vital player in the regulation of epidermal development and function. Mechanistically, CFAP100 recruits the microtubule glutamylase TTLL13 to ensure spindle pole integrity for proper division of keratinocytes.

The full exploitation of back contact silicon solar cells is crucial to achieve a high performance for potential industrialization. Here, authors incorporate a double-sided light management strategy to reduce optical losses, achieving a total-area efficiency of 27.03% for 350 cm2 solar cells.

Wireless information security has garnered significant attention with the ever-increasingly widespread adoption of broadcast wireless communication systems. Here, authors design and experimentally verify a novel physical-layer secure communication scheme that relies on an information metasurface which is dynamically modulated by chaotic patterns

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Urothelial bladder cancer (UC) progression occurs as a multi-step process that leads to different kinds of lesions and subtypes. Here, the authors characterise benign and invasive lesions that occur during UC progression using proteogenomics in patient samples and show critical molecular pathways and prognostic associations.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Sequence-based algorithms to identify T cell antigens often miss targets that are activating the immune response. Here authors show that a computational method they developed, which uses atomic level features as input, can identify antigens that trigger cytokine release in cognate T cells.

A Fusarium graminearum effector is found to target wheat fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase for 26S proteasomal degradation. The hydrolase enhances resistance to Fusarium head blight by regulating defense genes and amino acid metabolism, offering a genetic target for wheat improvement.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Preclinical studies have shown synergy in the combination of tifcemalimab (anti-BTLA antibody) with toripalimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in lymphoma. Here, the authors report a clinical trial investigating tifcemalimab alone and in combination with toripalimab in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma.

The efficient preparation of inherently unstable N-CF3 secondary amines remains a challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, the authors present the synthesis of this type of compounds via oxidative fluorination of isocyanides using iodine as the oxidant, silver fluoride as the fluorinating reagent, and tert-butyldimethylsilane as the proton precursor.

Neoadjuvant cancer therapeutic strategy has been explored in phase I/II clinical studies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here this group reports a single-arm, phase II clinical trial evaluating the neoadjuvant radiotherapy plus PD-1 inhibitor tislelizumab combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin, followed by radical surgical resection on 28 patients with untreated stage III-IVB head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Arousal-modulating neural circuitry remains enigmatic. Here, authors show that the pathway, glutamatergic ventral pallidal neuron→locus coeruleus noradrenergic neuron→the lateral hypothalamus, controls arousal in awake and anesthetized states.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) has been identified to play a role in tumour progression but its involvement in anti-tumour immunity of esophagael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here the authors report that the inhibition of STING-mediated anti-tumour immunity by HMGA1 results in promotion of ESCC tumorigenesis.

Upon encounter of abasic lesions, a highly-prevalent DNA damage, RNA polymerase I experiences a two-step pausing-stalling mechanism that is described here through cryo-EM analysis. The structures uncover the nucleotide entry mechanism and provide insights into intrinsic RNA cleavage.

Atomically thin layers of a correlated topological semimetal exhibit a nonlinear Hall effect that can be used to fabricate terahertz photodetectors with a room-temperature responsivity of 0.3 A W⁻¹, a broadband terahertz range and a picosecond response time.

High luminescence dissymmetry in materials can be achieved through twisted stacking of achiral anisotropic layers. Here the authors use machine-learning techniques to predict this stacking and realize circularly-polarized-phosphorescence materials.

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants. Here, the authors rationally design a range of DHAD inhibitors as herbicides and present the crystal structure of a lead compound in complex with Arabidopsis DHAD.

Targeted deletion of integrin-associated protein CD47 enhances long-term engraftment of human CD34⁺ cells in immunodeficient pigs lacking IL2RG and RAG2, enabling large-scale production of functional human immune cells.

Pressure-induced modulation of interlayer coupling and elastic constant in two-dimensional layered materials is quantitatively described through a unified chain model, offering insights into the tunable mechanical behaviors under extreme conditions.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Determining the causal variants at GWAS loci is crucial for understanding genetic disease mechanisms. Here, the authors apply MPRA to perform non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) variant-to-function mapping at scale and propose distinct genetic architectures underlying NSCLC susceptibility.

This study establishes that Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases phosphorylate TIR domains at a conserved serine to block NADase activity across kingdoms. In plants, this represses SNC1-mediated immunity to balance growth and defence under osmotic stress.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

N⁶-methyladenosine and ubiquitination modifications play crucial roles in plant-virus interaction. Here, E3 ligase TaHAKAI is found to target the WYMV P2 for degradation and inhibit viral infection in wheat while increasing yield through m⁶A.

A method for acetylome profiling requiring a low quantity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was developed, revealing a significant reduction in H4K77ac in aged HSCs, associated with decreased lymphocyte differentiation potential.

By resonant excitation of an InAs quantum dot embedded in a microcavity, a deterministic single-photon source is demonstrated. Single-photon purity of 0.9795(6), photon indistinguishability of 0.9856(13), and an overall end-to-end efficiency of 0.712(18) are simultaneously obtained.

Organic batteries are promising for sustainable energy storage but face challenges in performance and cost. Here, authors develop pressurized organic electrodes with high capacity and durability under practical and extreme conditions, advancing organic batteries toward real-world applications.

Determining the size of critical nuclei remains challenging. Here the authors propose a method to determine the size of critical secondary nuclei on growth faces of poly(butylene succinate) single crystals in solution, using the probability of statistically selecting crystallizable units in random copolymers.

Continuous shape morphing for small robots can offer advantages, but it is difficult to perform tasks if they are not stiff enough. Xu et al. present here a design combining liquid crystal elastomers and shape memory polymers to lock morphable elements in place.

Understanding the development of subsolid nodules (SSNs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is important for their clinical management. Here, the authors perform proteogenomic analysis of 66 LUAD displayed as SSNs from 3 histological stages and highlight the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in progression.

In this work, authors demonstrate a self-sufficient fog harvester system that simultaneously produces nitrogen-based nutrients for fertilizer via spark-driven nitrogen fixation. The device has the potential to enhance crop growth sustainably without additional energy input or pollutant emissions.

Sustainable management of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is essential for advancing organic waste treatment towards resource-oriented processes, but the molecular complexity of DOM hinders the understanding of the underlying biochemical processes. Here, the authors use ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to explore the molecular transformation of DOM in anaerobic digestion.

Wang et al. present the human universal senescence index (hUSI), a robust transcriptome-based tool that accurately predicts cellular senescence across diverse conditions, offering insights into aging and therapeutic strategies.

A mechanism is uncovered that results in fetal hepatocytes having a paracrine role in providing genome protection to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

A size-sieved complex precipitation in Sc-added Al–Mg alloys achieves a high-density dispersion of both fine Al₃Sc nanoprecipitates and in situ formed core-shell Al₃(Mg, Sc)₂/Al₃Sc nanophases with high hydrogen-trapping ability.