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Leilei Chen describes the discovery that adenosine-to-inosine editing by ADAR1 marks endogenous double-stranded RNA as self, to prevent it from triggering innate immunity.

Resistance to 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (5FU + CDDP) presents a major issue in patients with gastric cancer. Here, the authors establish 5FU + CDDP resistant intestinal gastric cancer patient-derived organoids and identify JAK/STAT-ADAR1 altered lipid metabolism as a regulator of chemoresistance.

Fusarium crown rot disease threatens wheat yields. Here, the authors report roles for wheat TaSnRK1α and a catalase antioxidant enzyme in mediating Fusarium crown rot resistance by scavenging reactive oxygen species in wheat plants.

Sun et al. report human lifespan changes in the brain’s functional connectome in 33,250 individuals, which highlights critical growth milestones and distinct maturation patterns and offers a normative reference for development, aging and diseases.

This analysis provides a collection of sequencing datasets generated from long-read and short-read RNA sequencing, serving as a valuable resource for transcriptome profiling.

A biomimetic electrochemical eye is presented that has a hemispherical retina made from a high-density array of perovskite nanowires that are sensitive to light, mimicking the photoreceptors of a biological retina.

Breeding crop cultivars with better environmental adaptability could support crop yield stability to mitigate the effects of climate change. Combining transcriptional dynamics of florigen genes and statistical models, the daylength-sensing-based environment adaptation simulator can forecast the latitude adaptability of rice cultivars and has application potential in other crops.

The functional-metabolic state of macrophages fundamentally influences the tumour microenvironment, making adoptive cell therapy with pro-inflammatory macrophages an attractive anti-tumour approach. Here authors introduce pluripotent stem cell-derived CAR-macrophage that are depleted of ACOD1, an essential gene in itaconate metabolism, which reprograms them to a pro-inflammatory state enabling enhanced anti-tumour function.

The authors perform a genome-wide association study of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients of Han Chinese descent, and identify 3 new loci for disease susceptibility.

The pilot phase of PigGTEx, re-analyzing 5,457 published RNA-seq samples, presents a pan-tissue catalog of molecular quantitative trait loci. Cross-species comparisons identify traits with shared genetic regulation in humans.

Chan et al. report that 3′ UTR splicing is widespread and enhanced across different cancer types and is associated with more advanced tumour progression.

The FarmGTEx Project aims to understand genetic control of gene activity under diverse biological and environmental contexts in domestic animals, providing a foundation for improving animal precision breeding, adaptation and human health.

RNA editing and circRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis. Here the authors report that ADARs regulate the circular transcriptome in a bidirectional manner through and beyond their editing function in multiple cancer cells.

The role of aggresomes in tumorigenesis and cancer progression remains to be explored. Here, the authors perform multi-omics and reveal that aggresome formation supports ovarian cancer stem cell properties via OTUD1 and ASK1/JNK signalling activation.

Oxidative stress triggers lipid accumulation in cells by sequestering triglycerides in lipid droplets. Here, the authors show that lipopolysaccharide-binding protein interacts with redox sensor PRDX4 to control lipid-redox balance and promotes triglyceride accumulation in droplets by capturing unsaturated lipids.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established non-invasive medical imaging technology. Here, to improve the performance of the technique, the authors describe the design of a pH-responsive T1-T2 dual-modal MRI contrast agent, showing enhanced imaging sensitivity in preclinical cancer models.

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) can participate in regulatory networks to control alternative splicing. Here the authors show that DAP3 functions as an RBP splicing modulator via two mechanisms, and that its overexpression leads to mis-splicing events in cancers.

RNA editing provides epigenetic diversity and is thought to be decreased in cancer. However, this report describes a phenomenon of increased RNA editing associated with malignancy in human liver tumors. The increased editing of AZIN1 is facilitated by the correlative increase in the editing enzyme ADAR1 and induces an amino acid change that leads to subcellular relocalization, increased stability and affinity for antizyme. This effect impairs antizyme's function and increases the stability of its target oncoproteins, providing protumorigenic functions. The hyperediting of AZIN1 is a protumorigenic event in liver cancer pathogenesis.

Ferromagnet/spacer/ferromagnet sandwiches have been studied extensively, and used in a variety of spintronic devices. Here, Zhou et al. create an all anti-ferromagnetic sandwich of Fe₂O₃/Cr₂O₃/Fe₂O₃, and demonstrate strong orthogonal coupling between the top and bottom Fe₂O₃ layers.

This study develops a vacuum-levitated metal sphere oscillator with an ultra-low damping rate at room temperature. By constructing the sphere from bismuth powder, the authors reduce the eddy current damping rate by nearly three orders of magnitude, enabling the future detection of gravitational forces from sub-milligram sources and advancing short-range force research.

RNA editing and RNA splicing are involved in tumorigenesis. Here the authors report crosstalk between RNA editing and splicing by identifying ADAR1/2-dependent splicing events in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.

Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a unique type of gastric cancer with no prognostic features. Here, the authors report a CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 gene fusion in patients with a high signet-ring cell content, poor survival outcomes, and who experience no benefit from platinum/fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapy.

The use of perovskite quantum-wire light emitters results in high-quality planar and spherical light-emitting diodes.

Synergizing metal–support interactions and spatial confinement through atomic copper grippers boost the dynamics of highly loaded atomic nickel for high activity, high thermal/chemical stability and unprecedented coke inhibition in hydrogenation reactions.

The observation of negative capacitance effect is focused on the ferroelectrics, while the antiferroelectrics based on Landau switches may have negative capacitance effect. Here, the authors report the static and transient negative capacitance effect in antiferroelectric PbZrO₃ and reveal its origin.

A set of in situ and operando techniques, as well as gravimetric and microscopic investigations are used to characterize the formation of the solid–electrolyte interphase in a Li-ion battery.

The functions of the class III PI3-kinase (PIK3C3) in gut homeostasis and innate immunity are poorly understood. Here the authors show that PIK3C3-deficient zebrafishes develop intestinal injury and inflammation due to mislocalization of cell junction proteins.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) released from infiltrating immune cells are a major contributor to blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown following stroke. Here, the authors identify an early, MMP-independent BBB breakdown mechanism caused by rapid cytoskeletal rearrangements in endothelial cells, which could be inhibited by ADF.

The rapid development of halide perovskite light-emitting diodes mainly relies on the optimization of the active layer and charge injection layers. Here Zhang et al. incorporate three-dimensional nanophotonic substrates to enhance light out-coupling and achieve high external quantum efficiency of 17.5%.