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Nanozymes offer diverse therapeutic avenues for cancer treatment. In this work, the authors report an iron-based quasi-metal organic framework nanozyme Q-MIL-53(Fe) with enhanced peroxidase and catalase-mimicking activity and glutathione depletion capacity and use it for tumor immunotherapy via inducing ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death.

Hydrogen peroxide is an important industrial feedstock but its synthesis is energy intensive. Now, a highly efficient Ga-N₅ atomic site is reported with a high solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency for direct photocatalysis of water into hydrogen peroxide.

STAARpipeline is a comprehensive framework for flexible and scalable rare-variant association analysis using whole-genome sequencing data and annotation information.

Hybrid density functionals are crucial for accurate materials calculations, yet their application is limited by the computational cost. Here, authors overcome this efficiency bottleneck through deep learning, enabling large-scale hybrid density functional calculations.

Avalanche photodiodes are used for mid-wavelength infrared detection, but typically only operate at low temperatures. Here, a high-temperature detector is demonstrated, with modified fully-depleted absorption and multiplication region.

The goals, resources and design of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) programme are described, and analyses of rare variants detected in the first 53,831 samples provide insights into mutational processes and recent human evolutionary history.

Using a three-pronged approach — spanning field-driven negative capacitance stabilization to increase intrinsic energy storage, antiferroelectric superlattice engineering to increase total energy storage, and conformal three-dimensional deposition to increase areal energy storage density — very high electrostatic energy storage density and power density are reported in HfO₂–ZrO₂-based thin film microcapacitors integrated into silicon.

The authors find that the plasticity of magnesium bismuthide (α-Mg₃Bi₂) arises from helical dislocation-driven interlayer slip, and the dispersion of lightweight Mg atoms also plays a pivotal role in facilitating strain redistribution during plastic deformation.

Gan et al. identify the GPCR-like protein GPR137B that interacts with Rag GTPases to recruit mTORC1 to lysosomes. They show that GPR137B controls dynamic Rag and mTORC1 activity as well as lysosome morphology.

The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) group defines a standardized framework for amino acid PET imaging of brain metastases for use in clinical trials and eventually in clinical practice to facilitate development of novel therapies and improve patient care.

Chemo-activation of mitochondrial ClpP exhibits promising anticancer properties. Here, the authors develop a potent activator ZK53 that is highly selective on human ClpP but inactive toward bacterial ClpP proteins, and show that ZK53 causes cell cycle arrest via ClpP on lung squamous cell carcinoma cells and exhibits therapeutic effects in animal models.

Chen et al. probe the role of a genotoxin of Salmonella typhi in triggering a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, via mitochondrial DNA damage.

To remove artefacts from medical imaging, machine learning can be a useful tool, but supervised approaches need examples of the same image with and without artefacts. Liu et al. present a method to train an artefact removal network without needing matching images of corrupted and uncorrupted images.

From 1980 to 2018, the levels of total and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreased in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe.

Converting methane to hydrogen and aromatics is a route to upgrading natural gas into high value products. Here the authors report a high-performing synergistic trimetallic thermochemical catalyst, along with mechanistic insights into the process.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can provide important information, but long imaging times are needed to achieve a high spatial resolution, which is why the amount of publicly available high-resolution MSI data for deep learning applications is limited. Liao and colleagues use transfer learning from optical super-resolution images to reduce the amount of MSI data that is needed.

Neuroimaging of the cerebellum in infants has been challenging. Here the authors describe a framework for cerebellum MRI segmentation in infants up to 2 years.

So far infinite-layer nickelates have only been observed to superconduct in single-thin-film form. Here, the authors demonstrate superconductivity in [(Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂)₈/(SrTiO₃)₂]₁₀ superlattices.

Mitochondrial calcium signaling plays an important role in neuronal bioenergetics yet its regulation by brain activity in vivo is not understood. Here, the authors show that mitochondrial and cytosolic calcium transients are dynamically coupled as a function of brain activity.

In this largest whole-exome sequencing study of epilepsies to date, the Epi25 Collaborative identified extremely rare variants that confer risk for diverse epilepsy subtypes, highlighting roles in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability.

The clinical application of magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is limited by the poor magnetic-to-thermal conversion efficiency of MHT agents. Here, the authors develop encapsulin-produced magnetic iron oxide nanocomposites (eMIONs) with excellent magnetic-heat capability and catalysis-triggered tumor suppression ability to overcome the critical issues of MHT.

Heavy noise and missing wedge effect hamper the efficient visualization and analysis in cryo-ET. Here, authors present a deep learning-based method for directly visualizing and revealing the dynamic states of target molecules.

The three-dimensional organization of chromatin plays critical roles in regulating genome function. Here the authors apply a near atomistic model to study the structure and dynamics of the chromatin folding unit - the tetra-nucleosome - to provide insight into how chromatin folds.

Analysis of 97,691 high-coverage human blood DNA-derived whole-genome sequences enabled simultaneous identification of germline and somatic mutations that predispose individuals to clonal expansion of haematopoietic stem cells, indicating that both inherited and acquired mutations are linked to age-related cancers and coronary heart disease.

Noble metals typically crystallize with the face-centered cubic structure. Here, the authors report the synthesis of gold nanoribbons in the 4H hexagonal polytype, a previously unreported, metastable phase of gold, and use it to stabilize 4H hexagonal phases of silver, palladium and platinum.

The authors report a sequential oxygen evolution process via electrochemical oxidation and reduction of Ni hydroxides, allowing for decoupled oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution during water splitting and energy storage in the Ni hydroxides.

Although the common genetic variants contributing to blood lipid levels have been studied, the contribution of rare variants is less understood. Here, the authors perform a rare coding and noncoding variant association study of blood lipid levels using whole genome sequencing data.

Analysis of whole-genome sequences of 25,465 individuals of European ancestry shows that rare variants contribute substantially to the heritability of height and body mass index.

Multi-omics profiling of matched normal colon, primary tumor, and liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma patients based on Hi-C, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq technologies sheds light on the changes and regulatory mechanisms of 3D genomics during the tumorigenesis and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

By performing a global RNA-RNA interactome analysis in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, the authors identify the small RNA ArcZ targets many capsule genes and a key virulence factor MlaA, inhibiting Klebsiella infection and pathogenesis in mice.

The origin of interfacial conductivity between two insulating oxides, LaAlO₃ and SrTiO₃, remains elusive despite a long time research. Here, Lee et al. report atomic-scale observation of electron-gas formation for screening hidden ferroelectric-like lattice instabilities, discounting the role of polar catastrophe and cation intermixing.

This Review provides an overview on high-performance photonic integrated circuit lasers at visible and short near-infrared wavelengths between 400 nm and 1,000 nm, focusing on low-noise, continuous-wave operation needed for many quantum technologies.

Piezotronics and piezo-phototronics offer new means of implementing adaptive electronics and optoelectronics, taking advantage of the coupling between piezoelectric polarization and semiconductor properties in piezoelectric semiconductor nanomaterials. This Review discusses the recent progress in piezotronics and piezo-phototronics, as well as future research directions.