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Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a ___location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

Here, the authors leverage whole-genome sequencing from >88,000 diverse individuals to uncover 18 BMI-related genetic signals, including novel variants in participants of African genetic ancestry, highlighting the value of diversity in genetic discovery.

The MLL complex promotes androgen receptor signaling and drives growth of castration resistant prostate cancer

Wastewater treatment plants are important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, the authors analyze ARGs in a global collection of samples from wastewater treatment plants across six continents, providing insights into biotic and abiotic mechanisms that appear to control ARG diversity and distribution.

This study characterizes the three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture of 15 primary human cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The analyses identify different archetypes of enhancer usage and enhancer rewiring events due to different classes of mutations and structural variants.

In this work, we combine LEDGINs with BRD4 modulator ZL0580 to achieve a functional HIV cure. This approach silences the virus by retargeting viral integration into silent chromatin and blocking enhancers, offering a powerful combination strategy to block-and-lock HIV.

Heatwaves in lakes are increasing with climate change, but are typically studied at the surface; little is known about heatwave dynamics with depth. This study finds subsurface heatwaves last longer, but are less intense than surface heatwaves and have increased in frequency over the past 40 years.

The strong increase in global methane from 2020-2022 was not powered by precipitation and inundation increasing wetland emissions in tropical regions, according to analysis of satellite observations of tropical inundation, 2018-2023.

Mutations of the histone H3K36-specific methyltransferase ASH1L have been linked to several human diseases. Here, the authors report the mechanism by which three C-terminal domains in ASH1L regulate its enzymatic activity and interact with chromatin.

A unified framework is presented that integrates observed spatial patterns of individual trees in forests with ecological processes into a novel coexistence theory.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

A wax-aided immersion methodology is developed to yield graphene rolls with tunable chiral angles; these graphene rolls exhibit promising chiral electronic properties beyond those of other carbon allotropes.

Non-homologous end joining repairs most double stranded DNA breaks in human cells. Here, the authors apply a single-molecule imaging approach visualizing the recruitment of DNA repair proteins to DNA breaks to define the kinetics of non-homologous end joining in living cells.

Hereditary tyrosinaemia type I is caused by a gene defect that leads to a lethal accumulation of toxic metabolites in the liver. Here the authors use CRISPR/Cas9 to 'cure' the disease in mice by inactivating another gene, rather than targeting the disease-causing gene itself, to reroute hepatic tyrosine catabolism.

CRISPR screen identifies coactivators of the androgen receptor (AR) complex, including NSD2. NSD2 contributes to AR cistrome reprogramming during prostate cancer progression, and its degradation via a novel PROTAC reduces prostate cancer cell viability in vitro.

Baek et al. report the formation of a discrete island–convex dome morphology in perovskite by solvent engineering to improve the outcoupling efficiency in NIR LEDs. 2D/3D heterostructures are constructed to further increase the efficiency to 31.4% with a peak radiance of 929 W sr⁻¹ m⁻² at 798 nm.

The accuracy of single-cell sequencing can be hampered by the occurrence of doublets, where two or more cells are sequenced together, thus leading to data misinterpretation. Here, the authors present ImageDoubler, an image-based algorithm for detecting doublets and missing samples in single-cell sequencing.

Glucocorticoid resistance is partly due to epigenetic alterations, but the regulatory mechanisms driving these remain poorly understood. Here, a link between the activity of a lineage-specific transcription factor PU.1 and epigenetic modulators mediating the response to glucocorticoids is described in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of major depression identifies new risk loci, assesses the transferability of risk loci across ancestry groups, and improves fine-mapping resolution and prioritization of candidate effector genes.

The efficiency and selectivity of the transformation process for an aqueous solution of mixed oxygenates produced by biomass fermentation remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a simple reaction for the conversion of aqueous biomass fermentation broth to a water-immiscible product efficiently and selectively.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

Changes in Psoriasis and other inflammatory skin diseases during severity stages can be investigated using single cell and spatial transcriptomics. Here the authors compare different inflammatory skin diseases to emphasise differences in immune cells and inflammatory markers particularly keratinocytes and fibroblasts.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Wood density is an important plant trait. Data from 1.1 million forest inventory plots and 10,703 tree species show a latitudinal gradient in wood density, with temperature and soil moisture explaining variation at the global scale and disturbance also having a role at the local level.

Clinical exome and transcriptome sequencing of 500 adult patients with metastatic solid tumours of diverse lineage and biopsy site, as part of the Michigan Oncology Sequencing (MI-ONCOSEQ) Program.

This work demonstrates distinct mass-independent mercury isotope fractionation in global basalts, which suggests mantle Hg isotope heterogeneity and reveals large-scale translithospheric Hg recycling via plate tectonics.

The collective-flow-assisted nuclear shape-imaging method images the nuclear global shape by colliding them at ultrarelativistic speeds and analysing the collective response of outgoing debris.

A critical attribute of advanced atherosclerosis is the accumulation of free cholesterol in macrophages, triggering cell death. Now, a study reveals that the key events that result in cholesterol-induced macrophage death are the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores by free cholesterol and subsequent activation of the unfolded protein response.

Nitroformate is an attractive oxidant compound in propellants and explosives but its poor thermostability prevents it from application. Here, the authors demonstrate that incorporation of nitroformate in a hydrogen-bonded organic framework increases the thermostability of nitroformate.

In eukaryotes, the leading strand DNA polymerase Polε synthesises the DNA with higher processivity when in complex with the DNA clamp PCNA. Here, the authors report two cryo-EM structures of human Polε bound to the PCNA clamp and a DNA substate, revealing the conformational changes associated with incoming nucleotide binding.

Topological effects, first observed in condensed matter physics, are now also studied in optical systems, extending the scope to active topological devices. Here, Zhao et al. combine topological physics with non-Hermitian photonics, demonstrating a topological microlaser on a silicon platform.

Mouse models are an essential tool in breast cancer research. Here, the authors present the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of two widely used mouse models, revealing parallels with the human disease specifically with metastasis and treatment response.

Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing along with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of 100 prostate cancer metastases identifies genomic regions that are differentially methylated during disease progression and a novel epigenomic subtype.

Tests for autonomous vehicles are usually made in the naturalistic driving environment where safety-critical scenarios are rare. Feng et al. propose a testing approach combining naturalistic and adversarial environment which allows to accelerate testing process and detect dangerous driving events.