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Glycosylated asparagine residues that mediate the function of the B7H3 protein are unclear. Here the authors identify the important N-glycosylation sites for B7H3 cell surface localization and T cell inhibition, followed by the development of N91/309 and N104/322 preferentially targeting monoclonal antibody manifesting enhanced antitumor immunity.

Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association study and fine-mapping, 298 loci and 36 credible genes are identified in the aetiology of bipolar disorder.

Mai and colleagues present cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SPG11–SPG15 and AP5–SPG11–SPG15 complex, offering insights into mechanisms of autophagic lysosome reformation and retrograde trafficking.

An optimized Co–Ni alloy catalyst encapsulated with Sm₂O₃-doped CeO₂ shows both high activity and stability for high-temperature CO₂-to-CO conversion, overcoming the limitations of such catalysts typically used in industrial applications.

Aumolertinib is a third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, approved for use in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors report a phase 2 clinical trial investigating neoadjuvant aumolertinib in patients with unresectable stage III EGFR-mutant NSCLC.

Using a large multisite dataset of people with major depressive disorder and healthy controls, the authors show global brain connectivity alterations in the sensorimotor, visual, and default mode networks.

Fifty-two years ago, Wright and colleagues discovered that complexes of alkali metal ions with polyethylene oxide conduct ions, and that this conductivity is temperature-sensitive. This seminal work unveiled the potential application of such complexes as solid-state electrolytes. Here, we discuss the history of and advances in polymer solid-state electrolytes, and future research directions.

Bi₂O₂Se is a promising 2D semiconductor with high electron mobility and native high-k dielectric layers, but its p-type doping remains challenging. Here, the authors report a low-temperature substitutional doping method to fabricate 2D Bi₂O₂Se p-n junctions and p-type transistors

Yang, Jn-Simon, He et al. report that the dual BCL-xL/BCL-2 PROTAC 753b is a potent and liver-tropic senolytic, which (unlike other inhibitors of BCL-xL) does not cause severe thrombocytopenia. They evaluate its efficacy in natural aging and in reducing progression from steatotic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma, using mouse models.

This work presents a framework for estimating cell division numbers using DNA replication-associated polyguanine tract mutations, with applications for understanding tumor natural histories and origins.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized, double-blind phase 3 COMPASSION-15 trial, patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/GEJ cancer treated with the anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 bispecific Ab cadonilimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly improved overall survival compared with patients treated with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment.

The compassionate use of l-asparaginase in patients suffering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma substantially strengthens the efficacy of immune-checkpoint blockade therapy by enhancing T cell fitness.

Huang, Chung et al. develop the MiniMaP platform, a miniature mass spectrometer coupled with paper spray ionization, enabling rapid breast cancer diagnosis from core needle biopsy samples. The machine learning model trained on molecular profiles maintains consistent accuracy in multi centre validation.

Locally delivered H₂S slow-releasing hydrogel promotes lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, and fibrosis in mouse adipose tissue, offering a practical implementation strategy for H₂S-based interventions.

The mechanism underlying the dissemination of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is unclear. Here, the authors show that STAT3 controls amoeboid migration in DLBCL via the transcriptional activation of RHOH, which then releases RhoA from RhoGDIγ-mediated suppression, or via regulating microtubule dynamics to activate RhoA.

2D semiconductors are promising candidates for next-generation electronics, but the realization of competitive 2D p-type transistors remains challenging. Here, the authors report the characterization of nitric-oxide-doped monolayer and bilayer WSe₂ p-type transistor arrays, showing on-state currents up to 300–448 μA/μm, contact resistance down to 390–875 Ω·μm and on/off ratios of ~ 10⁶−10⁹.

How neurons represent competing values during decision making remains poorly understood. Here, the authors find evidence that context modulates value representation in the human cortex.

Although several inorganic analogues of cyclopentadiene have been reported with group-15 elements, examples featuring the heavier elements Sb and Bi remain scarce. Now, a Bi₅ ring has been stabilized between two Nb(cyclopentadienyl) units, forming a triple-decker sandwich structure; the bonding analysis indicates that a Nb–Nb bond goes through the centre of the Bi₅ plane.

Yeh et al. find that PSPC1 is upregulated in cancer and interacts with Smad2/3 to induce TGF-β1. This leads to increased autocrine TGF-β1 signalling and a switch to pro-metastatic TGF-β1-dependent gene expression.

Chen et al. found that Foxp2 interacts with Mef2c to wire synaptic circuits linking neocortex to basal ganglia. The study analyzes the basics of circuit wiring underlying vocal communication.

In contrast to the classical streaming potential relying on downstream ionic diffusion, an upstream proton diffusion within two-dimensional nanochannels is found to continuously generate electricity, advancing hydrovoltaic technology.

Optineurin is linked to ALS and glaucoma, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, the authors show that optineurin mutation causes deficits in axonal mitochondria transport and neurodegeneration, enhancing of which achieves axon protection and regeneration.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

SARS-CoV-2 variants with immune escape capability highlight the need for the development of cross-neutralising vaccines and regimens. Here, the authors assess the immunogenicity and safety of NVSI-06-08, that integrates antigens from multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains into a single immunogen, as a heterologous booster in adults previously vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine.

Moiré patterns and flat bands usually occur in multilayer materials with a small interlayer twist angle, but this can cause detrimental lattice reconstruction. Now, flat bands are shown in a bilayer with large twist angle and structural rigidity.

Pan-genome analysis of 24 alfalfa accessions identifies key structural variations associated with salt tolerance and quality traits and provides resources for genomics-assisted breeding in alfalfa.

Wang, Yang and colleagues delineate a Snail-β-catenin-miR-146a signalling axis that directs a switch from asymmetric to symmetric cell division, resulting in colorectal cancer stem cell expansion.

A challenge in the selective functionalization of ubiquitous C-H bonds is to increase the turnover numbers (TONs) for catalytic C-H functionalization reactions, and the selective functionalization of less reactive primary C-H bonds. Here, the authors report iridium porphyrin-catalysed asymmetric carbene insertions into primary N-adjacent C–H bonds, with up to 99% ee and product TON > 1000000.

The authors find multiple topological transitions and a composite topological phase by two mutually exclusive topological orders, strong topological order and high-order topological order, in a quasi-1D system.

Release of the zero-COVID policy in China in late 2022 led to two large Omicron-driven waves of infection in 2023. Here, the authors analyze virus genomes and serology data from before and after the two waves and describe changes in virus lineage distribution and age-specific antibody responses.

Near infrared energy remains untapped toward the maneuvering of entire solar spectrum harvesting for fulfilling nuts and bolts of solar hydrogen production. Here, the authors report the use of Au@Cu₇S₄ yolk@shell nanocrystals for hydrogen production from untapped near infrared energy.

Comparing to the electrochemical energy-storage technologies, the energy density of the dielectric capacitors is generally low. Here, the author predicts a conceptional phase of “metaparaelectric” in III nitride compounds (Al, Sc, B) N to improve energy density.