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This study uses deep learning and gaze-tracking to track pathologists' work and learn how they review tissue images. This “learned expertise” was applied to guide artificial intelligence models, such as weakly supervised learning and reinforcement learning, to achieve accurate diagnosis of Whole Slide Images.

Recently, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been successfully achieved in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi₂Te₄, but zero-field quantization has proved difficult to achieve due to poor sample quality. Here, the authors report zero-field quantization and chiral edge states in five-septuple-layer MnBi₂Te₄.

Combining chemo- and biocatalytic sites within an integrated catalyst to perform complex, multi-step reactions is highly desirable but challenging. Here, the authors present an ionic organic cage platform for such a chemoenzymatic catalyst, achieved by electrostatic complexation of cationic molecular cage-encapsulated Pd clusters (Pd@C-Cage⁺) and anionic Candida antarctica lipase B.

Rehmannia chingii is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that can produce iridoid glycoside. Here, the authors report its genome assembly and the elucidation of the iridoid biosynthetic pathway.

Porous graphene integrated into graphene oxide membranes yields smart molecular sieves that switch separation based on the solvent. This allows for graded separations of different-sized molecules.

The microglia–neuron interactions contributing to neuronal hyperexcitability are unclear. Here, the authors show how GABA and C3 signaling coordinate microglial engulfment of inhibitory synapses, driving excitatory–inhibitory imbalance and neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy.

Patients with gastric cancer often present with poor performance status, limiting both quality of life but also treatment options as they are often excluded from clinical trials. Here, the authors report a phase II trial investigating anlotinib (multi-TKI) plus toripalimab (anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody) in treatment-naïve advanced gastric cancer patients with performance status 2.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Wastewater treatment plants are important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, the authors analyze ARGs in a global collection of samples from wastewater treatment plants across six continents, providing insights into biotic and abiotic mechanisms that appear to control ARG diversity and distribution.

An acid-free atmospheric leaching process extracts 97.4% Ni and 98.8% Co from critical minerals, limits iron dissolution (4.7%), and reduces CO₂ emissions by 59.5%, offering a sustainable alternative for battery-grade metal production.

Eukaryotic ribosome assembly involves multiple AAA+ ATPase hexamer mediated maturation steps. Here, authors report the structural analysis of the human SPATA5/SPATA5L1/CINP/C1ORF109 ATPase complex, revealing its role in cytoplasmic pre-60S maturation.

The FDA-approved nanodrug ferumoxytol can relieve reactive oxygen species in haematopoietic stem cells, facilitating their post-injury regeneration.

Fusarium crown rot disease threatens wheat yields. Here, the authors report roles for wheat TaSnRK1α and a catalase antioxidant enzyme in mediating Fusarium crown rot resistance by scavenging reactive oxygen species in wheat plants.

The authors report magnetotransport evidence for the coexistence of a two-dimensional (2D) superconducting state and a 2D ferromagnetic state at the interface between amorphous CaZrO₃ film and KTaO₃ single crystal. Moreover, the magnetoresistance hysteresis reaches a maximum near the superconducting transition temperature.

Intracellular bacterial infection triggers numerous innate immune responses. Here, Li et al. use intravital imaging to understand how L. monocytogenes invades the liver and avoids triggering neutrophil swarming.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the function of different cellular states in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform integrated single cell and bulk analysis of GSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized, double-blind phase 3 COMPASSION-15 trial, patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/GEJ cancer treated with the anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 bispecific Ab cadonilimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly improved overall survival compared with patients treated with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment.

The study reveals how bortezomib activates Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clp protease complexes. Cryo-EM structures reveal how sub-stoichiometric bortezomib binding triggers structural changes, mediates holoenzyme formation and disrupts Clp system regulation.

Enzymes required for the production of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) are expressed in mammalian reproductive tracts. Here, the authors show that production of H₂S regulates contraction in excised human fallopian tube samples and is required for transport of the embryo through the fallopian tube in mice.

Limited high quality multi-omics resources are available for plants with complex genomes. Here, authors generate transcriptome, proteome, phosphoproteome, and acetylproteome data sets across wheat developmental stages and reveal de-acetylation of TaP5CS1 by TaHDA9 regulates Fusarium crown rot resistance.

Quantum speed limits are fundamental constraints on the speed of quantum state evolution. Here, the authors observe the known maximal quantum speed limits for few and many-body states on a superconducting quantum processor and identify the minimal quantum speed limits, which are less common than maximal ones.

Reverse osmosis of seawater is a popular though energy demanding process to produce freshwater. Interfacing reverse osmosis membranes with solar steam generation shows potential for a more efficient desalination process.

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health problem in many regions. Here, the authors perform a proteogenomic analysis of cervical cancer in Chinese patients; they reveal proteomic subgroups associated with clinical and biological features, and a potential biomarker of response to radiotherapy.

Quasicrystals, which lack translational symmetry but display rotational order, are difficult to make. Now an assembly method for the fabrication of colloidal quasicrystals that offers a high degree of controllability and reversibility is reported.

Non-reciprocal charge transport refers to the different resistance between positive and negative current, and is fundamental in a variety of applications, for instance, current rectification. Some materials exhibit intrinsic nonreciprocal transport, but manipulation of this can be challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate large non-reciprocal transport which can be switched magnetically, is stacking dependent, and can be tuned via an applied gate voltage.

This study presents a comprehensive pipeline to profile transmembrane receptors involved in macrophage-driven inflammation in pancreatic islets during the onset of diabetes. The authors identify GPR132 as a mediator of macrophage-driven inflammation and find compounds that reduce inflammation and improve glycaemic control.

The rise of large language model (LLM) technology offers new opportunities for advancing chemical synthesis. Here, the authors developed an LLM-based reaction development framework (LLM-RDF) to copilot the design and experimental tasks throughout the end-to-end chemical synthesis development.

Despite being known for more than 50 years, yuzurimine-type alkaloids have not been accessed by total synthesis. Here, the authors report the first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-Caldaphnidine J, a highly complex yuzurimine-type Daphniphyllum alkaloid.

Synthesizing functionalized polyethylenes via ethylene coordination copolymerization using vinyl polar monomers is challenging. Here, the authors present an approach utilizing binuclear Ni catalysis for ethylene/acrylamide copolymerization to synthesize cyano-functionalized polyethylenes.

Understanding the atomic arrangement and binding nature of 2D materials with substrates is crucial to understand their properties and utilize their functions. Here, authors report that at high temperature graphene and α-Al₂O₃ substrate form a C-O-Al bond, having strong interactions, while interfacial structural relaxations of sapphire remain suppressed.

Here the authors determine the cryoEM structure of Symbiodinium photosystem I, revealing a distinct architecture and pigment network of this light-harvesting supercomplex.

Ferroelectric field-effect transistors based on molybdenum disulfide can be used to build an in-memory sparsity architecture in which index memory is moved next to individual synapses, creating a sparse neural network without external memory indexing.

Insulinomas develop from pancreatic β-cells and secrete insulin, but the underlying genetic defects are largely unknown. In this study, Cao et al. identify recurrent T372R mutations in the transcription factor YY1, and validate this hotspot mutation in 30% of insulinomas.

Here, Ma et al. investigate the translational profile of cardiac regeneration, pointing to Nat10 as a key regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferative potential, and describing how it regulates cardiac gene expression.

H5N1 avian influenza viruses can be highly pathogenic. Here, the authors show that H5N1 infection leads to increased serum levels of angiotensin II in patients and mice, and that administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ameliorates lung injury in infected mice.

Unlike neonatal mammalian hearts, adult hearts have limited regenerative capacity. Here, the authors explore the use of extracellular vesicles collected from neonatal hearts flowing damage, explore the difference in protein expression and delivery potential to trigger myocardial repair.

CYP5122A1 is a sterol C4-methyl oxidase that catalyzes the sequential oxidation of lanosterol, is essential for both Leishmania donovani promastigotes in culture and intracellular amastigotes in infected mice, and provides a new target for antileishmanial drug discovery.

This genome-wide association study identifies 162 genetic loci linked to income, shedding light on the complex interplay between genetics, income, education and health.