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Zhang, Peng, and colleagues benchmark metabolic RNA labelling chemistries for time-resolved single-cell RNA sequencing, improving in vivo detection of newly synthesized RNA during zebrafish embryogenesis.

Neural circuit mechanisms that regulate the panic-like defensive state are not fully understood. Using a robot-based experimental paradigm, the authors identify Cbln2-expressing (Cbln2+) neurons in the mouse posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PHN) as a key neuronal population essential for the induction of panic-like defensive state.

A nanobody was identified that targets the N-terminal fragment of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor ADGRG2, allosterically enhances activation by the natural agonist dehydroepiandrosterone and restores signaling in mutant receptors.

Human NPCs show promise for stroke treatment, but challenges remain in neuron diversity and maturation time. Here, the authors describe the generation of FOXG1 progenitors from iPSCs that quickly mature into functional cortical neurons, enhancing stroke recovery in rats.

Tu et al. find inequalities in access to economic, social and environmental infrastructure across 166 countries. Regional disparities and their association with health outcomes underscore the need for equitable infrastructure development.

Lewis acid catalyzed tittle reaction of 1,3-dicycloalkenlidine ketones is recognized as so far the shortest and most effective 1-step method for construction of angular tricyclic scaffolds, which are extensively found in bioactive terpenoids. Here, the authors disclose the structure-reactivity relationship and a regioselectivity predicting model based on in situ IR technology, DFT calculations and machine leaning algorithms.

Self-grooming is a frequently observed repetitive behaviour in rodents that is believed to contribute to post-stress de-arousal. The authors identified a previously unknown limbic circuit that includes the ventral lateral septum in rats and is involved in regulating stress-induced self-grooming.

Local shear stress from an atomic force microscope tip can control the crystal directions in thin oxide films. This approach enables the manipulation of local magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnetic metals.

Hepatic fibrosis causes blood ammonia accumulation, which leads to hepatic encephalopathy. Here, a biocompatible water-powered Zn micromotor is developed for chemotactic migration towards and targeted clearance of ammonia for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.

Tightly focused optical fields are essential in nano-optics, but lack tools for accurate yet efficient characterization. Here, the authors develop an in situ method to reconstruct the fully vectorial information of tightly focused fields in 3D space.

Uricase-based gout treatments are generally limited due in part to the accumulation of H₂O₂ in an arthrosis microenvironment. Here the authors develop a nanomotor-based strategy that simultaneously degrades uric acid and eliminate H₂O₂ for efficient gouty therapy.

This study designs a new model based on medium-resolution satellite imagery to assess building damage from war, using the cases of Syria and Ukraine. It found that building damage has broader consequences for the population affected, especially when accounting for hospitals and schools.

Movement of the ribosome along an mRNA requires the universally-conserved translocase (EF-G in bacteria) that couples GTP hydrolysis to directed movement. Here the authors use time-resolved Cryo-EM to visualize the GTPase-powered step on native translocating ribosomes and capture key translocation intermediates.

The presence of superconductivity in iron-based materials raises the question whether magnetic and superconducting states can microscopically coexist. Cai et al. report a scanning tunnelling microscope study showing the coexistence of spin density waves and superconductivity in NaFe_1−xCo_xAs at the atomic scale.

Afatinib is a second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor recommended as the first-line treatment for patients with advanced EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here the authors report the results of a phase II clinical trial of neoadjuvant afatinib for stage III EGFR mutant NSCLC.

Fungal cell walls release β-1,3-glucan fragments that trigger plant immunity. Here, the authors show that a glucanase (Ebg1) of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae suppresses plant immunity by hydrolyzing β-1,3-glucan. At the same time, Ebg1 induces plant immune responses that are dampened by a fungal protein that interacts with Ebg1.

An atomically thin high-κ gate dielectric of Bi₂SeO₅ can be formed via layer-by-layer oxidization of an underlying two-dimensional semiconductor, allowing high-performance field-effect transistors and inverters to be fabricated.

Targeting PGC-1α with liposomal nanoparticles disrupts energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, reducing lung metastasis in bladder cancer and offering a promising therapeutic strategy.

A vacuum ultraviolet frequency comb is used to directly excite the narrow ²²⁹Th nuclear clock transition in a solid-state CaF₂ host material, marking the start of nuclear-based solid-state optical clocks.

Using structural and electrophysiological analysis, authors demonstrated that the mitochondrial MRS2 channel is a calcium-regulated nonselective cation channel.

A multilayer-stacked two-dimensional polyaniline crystal shows high electrical conductivity and unique out-of-plane metallic transport behaviour, indicating potential for strong electronic coupling beyond in-plane interactions and three-dimensional metallic conductivity.

Machine learning can be used to infer proper retrosynthesis routes for newly designed molecules. Here, the authors develop a multitask graph representation learning model for single-step retrosynthesis inference by exploiting chemical synthesis rules among different entity.

The therapeutic efficacy of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cancer therapy is limited by the hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and the antioxidant defense. Here, the authors address these limitations by developing a tumor microenvironment-responsive hybrid nanomedicine based on cancer associated fibroblasts remodeling for multi-pronged amplification of ROS.

Photothermal therapy can induce an anti-tumour immune response by producing tumour-associated antigens. Here, the authors design a nanoparticle that simultaneously acts as a photothermal agent and an immune-adjuvant and demonstrate the anti-tumour efficacy in combination with anti-CTLA4 therapy in preclinical murine cancer models.

Increasing the temperature of jet engines requires materials that are stable against degradation. Towards this goal, growth of TiAl alloys with high strength and ductility, as well as superior creep resistance, is reported at high temperatures.

Effective methods for accessing polycarbocycles are scarcely reported and generally involve complex, multistep transformations, thus restricting practical utility. Here, the authors construct tri-to-penta- cyclic frameworks containing at least two quaternary carbon centers via a tandem Nazarov-like cyclization / double cycloexpansion of simple 1,3-dicyclobutylidene ketone substrates.

Thorough evaluation of CRISPR RNA-guided nucleases off-targets in cells is required for advancing gene therapies. Here the authors report SURRO-seq for the simultaneous investigation of thousands of off-target sites for therapeutic RNA-guided nucleases in cells.

Functional connectivity between gastric cancer cells and sensory neurons offers a potential therapeutic target.

A mass-spectrometry-based approach to identify E. coli targets of ppGpp finds 56 putative targets including enzymes involved in nucleotide synthesis, such as PurF, which is directly inhibited by ppGpp, regulating adenosine and guanine nucleotide synthesis.

In this study, the authors report that, developed economies allocate metal-intensive-low value-added production activities to developing economies in global renewable power value chains. It necessitates building metal-efficient and green supply chains for just transition of power sector.

Little is known about how archaeal viruses counteract host immunity. Here, the authors leverage a viral gene regulatory feature to predict 354 potential anti-defense genes and experimentally validate a CRISPR-Cas I-A inhibitor and an inhibitor of a toxin-antitoxin system.

High-quality gRNA activity data is needed for accurate on-target efficiency predictions. Here the authors generate activity data for over 10,000 gRNA and build a deep learning model CRISPRon for improved performance predictions.