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This study uses deep learning and gaze-tracking to track pathologists' work and learn how they review tissue images. This “learned expertise” was applied to guide artificial intelligence models, such as weakly supervised learning and reinforcement learning, to achieve accurate diagnosis of Whole Slide Images.

Materials with opposite signs of permittivity along the two orthogonal directions can support hyperbolic polaritons. Here, the authors demonstrate tunable broadband near-infrared hyperbolic plasmon polaritons in MoOCl₂.

Structural vacancies in crystalline solids have potential in tuning optoelectronic properties. However, the random distribution of vacancies a problem when creating materials with completely reproducible functions. Here authors use vacancy engineering to improve electronic communication between cluster units in 3D orientationally ordered MOF crystals.

Effective lossless compression requires that frequent patterns in the data can be identified. Li et al. explore using deep learning models to more effectively compress text, audio and video data.

Excluding urban conversions, around 25% of loss of the paddy fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam was directly caused by salinity intrusion and drought stress, according to an analysis using remote sensing and annual land use trajectories.

In the heart of Guangzhou, I find Shipai Village — where algorithmic precision meets grassroots adaptability to form a hidden, essential system that sustains the city’s pulse — thriving in chaotic resilience.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

2D hexagonal boron arsenide (h-BAs) is predicted to show interesting electronic and thermal properties, but its synthesis has so far remained elusive. Here, the authors report a method to synthesize 2D crystalline h-BAs nanosheets, showing their application for the realization of rigid and flexible low-power memristors.

A base editor designed using circular permutation reduces off-target effects while enhancing purity.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Profiling nuclear N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modifications revealed enrichment of m⁶A on nuclear RNAs derived from chromosome pericentromeric γ satellite DNA II (GSATII), which regulates GSATII transcription and influences chromosome segregation during mitosis.

The genomic epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, which is rising in virulence and multidrug resistance, was explored. This study examined bloodstream infection isolates from Chinese patients in 2011–2021, revealing increased genetic diversity and dominance of highly virulent ST208.

Cross-ancestry and sex-stratified genome-wide association analyses for 21 amygdala volumetric traits in East Asian and European individuals provide insight into the genetic architectures of amygdala and subnucleus volumes.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

A next-generation proteolysis-targeting vaccine approach (PROTAR vaccine 2.0) was developed that attenuated influenza viruses by degrading multiple viral proteins and showed promising safety and efficacy in animal models with viral challenge.

Diverse cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase–degron pairs are used to generate live attenuated influenza vaccines. Attenuation and humoral, mucosal and cellular immune responses were characterized in mouse and ferret models.

High-entropy systems can present a range of striking physical properties, but mainly involve metal alloys. Here, using low-energy proton irradiation, a high-entropy superparaelectric phase is generated in a relaxor ferroelectric composition, increasing polarizability and enabling a capacitive energy density of 45.7 J cm^–3.

The gut microbiota bacterium Ruminococcus gnavus is implicated in the development of cirrhotic liver encephalopathy through the production of neurotoxins.

The application of time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (TR-PEEM) to non-conducting materials is challenging. Here, the authors report the TR-PEEM characterization of near-field dielectric modes and photoemission properties of insulating hexagonal boron nitride structures on indium tin oxide/glass substrates.

SARS-CoV-2 virus replication and transcription is mediated by the replication and transcription complex (RTC) that is composed of 16 non-structural proteins (nsp). Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structure of a SARS-CoV-2 mini RTC consisting of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with a template-primer RNA, the RdRp cofactors nsp7 and nsp8 and two nsp13 helicase molecules, and they propose a model for helicase-polymerase coupling during SARS-CoV-2 RTC assembly.

The neural network Self2Self is applied here to denoising large astronomical images. On test images, it performs quickly and enhances the appearance of weak signals.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

The mechanistic basis for spreading ferroptosis to neighboring cells remains unclear. Galectin-13, a secreted galectin, is now identified as a pivotal mediator of ferroptosis propagation and a determinant of cancer cell ferroptosis sensitivity.

This study revealed an NF-YB1-SLRL2-bHLH144 regulatory module, centered on a key transcription factor SLRL2, that mediates the ABA-regulated amylose content in rice. Furthermore, SLRL2 is also involved in the regulation of rice dormancy

The North China Plain is experiencing a nearly fivefold increase in population exposure to moderate and high flood depth due to increased rainfall and favorable synoptic conditions, according to a methodology that combines large ensemble climate model outputs with dynamic downscaling simulations.

Here the authors study recovery from mild to moderate Omicron breakthrough infection at six months post infection. Serum proteomics, PBMC single-cell transcriptomics and clinical parameters indicate slow recovery with coagulation abnormalities and an imbalance of the immune response and metabolism remaining.

Gold nanoclusters with strong emissions in the near-infrared are challenging to attain. Here, the authors show that for rod-shaped nanoclusters, both the shape of the kernel and the rigid surface structure are important to increase the NIR emissions.

Traditional silicon vision chips often challenge in emulating complex biological behaviors. This work reports birdlike broadband neuromorphic visual sensor arrays with 5 bits of in-memory sensing and computing. The built reservoir computing system achieves motion and UV grayscale information extraction, leading to fusion visual imaging.

Structurally diverse natural products are a promising source of antibiotics. Here, the authors report the collective asymmetric total synthesis of polycyclic xanthene myrtucommulone D and five related congeners and discover a compound active against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Cuticular wax is crucial for plant development and environmental interaction. This study reveals the negative impact of nitrogen on cuticular wax via MdBT2–MdMYB106–MdCER2L1, thus uncovering a novel pathway for N-mediated wax biosynthesis in apple.

Single-atomic impurities may induce novel quantum state, but they are unexplored in topological magnets. Here, the authors report spin-down polarized bound states which further interact with neighboring states to form spin-orbit split quantized orbitals in a topological magnet Co₃Sn₂S₂.

Reduced-dimensional halide perovskites are promising for light-emitting diodes but suffer from photo-degradation. Here Quan et al. identify the edge of the perovskite nanoplatelets as the degradation channels and use phosphine oxides to passivate the edges and boost device performance and lifetime.

Influenza virus is attenuated for vaccine production using PROTAC degradation technology.

Cryptophytes are ancestral photosynthetic organisms. Here the authors report the cryo-EM structure of the PSII–ACPII from the cryptophyte Chroomonas placoidea, showing that cryptophyte PSII–ACPII consists of a PSII dimer and twelve ACPII monomers that are organised into four linear trimers.

Cancer cells under stress use acetate to maintain the acetyl-CoA pool and fuel lipid biosynthesis. Here, the authors show that acetate also promotes de novo lipid synthesis by increasing histone acetylation at the promoters of lipogenic enzymes ACACA and FASN, thus inducing their expression.

P2X3 activation requires tightening the inner pocket of the head ___domain (IP-HD) following ATP binding. Here the authors demonstrate that targeting the IP-HD with allosteric small molecules presents a potential strategy for the development of therapeutics for refractory chronic cough without taste abnormalities.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

China operates a national surveillance program for acute respiratory infections and sampled over 200,000 patients between 2009–2019. Here, the authors present results from this program and describe patterns by age, pathogen type, presence of pneumonia, and season.

Here, the authors use multi-omic data to reveal how genetic and epigenetic variation affects gene expression in two pig breeds. The findings highlight strong tissue-specific regulation and identify genes with allele-specific expression.

β-Cell dysfunction is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors show that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO (a microbiota metabolite)) induces β-cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes in mice through NLRP3 inflammasome activation and calcium transients.

Peach is an economically important fruit crop. Here, the authors carry out a large-scale population genomics analysis of peach, describing its demographic history as well as genes associated with domestication and edibility traits.

Ugi reactions are well known multicomponent reactions that allow the preparation of a variety of chemical compounds including peptides, heterocyclic compounds, or natural products. Here, the authors report enantioselective Ugi reactions that enable the synthesis of chiral α-acylamino amides and α-aminotetrazoles catalyzed by stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complexes.

The authors collate literature on the responses of bird assemblages to forest loss and show that locations with a more variable natural environment and a longer history of agricultural land use have bird assemblages that are more tolerant to forest loss.