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Here the authors engineer a bispecific antibody (Ab) for HIV-1 by combining a gp41 N-heptad repeat targeting Ab with a CD4 binding Ab. Prepositioning via CD4 binding results in high neutralization breadth and potency, and experiments in HIV infected humanized male mice show reduction of viral load.

Jung et al. show the existence of polygenic overlap and associations between subjective well-being and psychiatric disorders.

Cryptococcus neoformans is the leading cause of death by fungal meningoencephalitis. Here, the authors study the roles played by 129 putative kinases in the growth and virulence of C. neoformans, identifying potential targets for development of anticryptococcal drugs.

Genus Phytophthora threat various plant species including fruit, vegetable, and flower crops. The authors report that some NLRs recognize conserved effector families of multiple Phytophthora species and confer broad-spectrum resistance in plant.

Behavioural-state-dependent pyramidal neurons have a distinct pattern of long-range glutamatergic inputs, with a larger proportion of thalamic versus motor cortex inputs compared with non-behaviour-dependent neurons.

Large-scale multivariate analyses across populations of European ancestry identify risk loci for the metabolic syndrome, improving polygenic prediction models and highlighting associations with diverse traits beyond cardiometabolic diseases.

Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis. Here the authors describe the production of a gene-deletion mutant collection representing most C. neoformansnon-essential transcription factors, providing insight into the signalling networks that govern the biology and pathogenicity of this fungus.

The Kondo hybridization typically occurs in heavy-fermion systems containing f electrons, although recently it has been reported in d-electron systems. Kim et al. report spectroscopic evidence of the Kondo hybridization in FeTe and discuss it role in the mechanism of the magnetic order.

Microbes use small molecules to sense and communicate with other cells and species. Kim et al. now demonstrate that volatile compounds emitted by Bacillus subtilis can affect Escherichia colimotility and antibiotic resistance through activation of a conserved regulatory mechanism.

Controlling the reaction pathway in electrochemical CO₂ reduction for the selective production of hydrocarbons or oxygenates is challenging. Now, control over atomic immiscibility in Cu and Cu–Ag alloyed catalysts can steer CO₂ reduction products from ethylene towards ethanol.

A new transfer method for microLEDs fabrication based on fluidic self-assembly technology combining magnetic and dielectrophoresis forces is described, achieving a very high simultaneous RGB LED transfer yield and over large areas.

Hydrogels made from decellularized human brain tissue facilitate the direct conversion of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts into induced neuronal cells that lead to therapeutic outcomes after transplantation in an animal model of ischaemic stroke.

Neodymium (Nd)-doped nanoparticles have been described for imaging-guided photothermal therapy. Here the authors design a Nd-Yb co-doped nanomaterial as nearinfrared long-lifetime imaging-guided waterheating probe, showing photothermal ablation in a glioblastoma pre-clinical mode

This study on the genetic diversity of 1,845 rhesus macaques improves genetic variation interpretation and identifies macaque models for inherited human retinal and neurodevelopment diseases.

Volumetric fluorescence microscopy is often limited by anisotropic spatial resolution. Here, the authors present an unsupervised deep-learning approach that enhances axial resolution by learning from high-resolution lateral images, and demonstrate isotropic resolution and restoration of suppressed visual details.

The vanadium redox flow battery is promising for commercial applications, but is hampered by high-cost electrolytes that are typically prepared via electrolysis. Here the authors demonstrate cost-effective chemical production of a high-quality vanadium electrolyte using platinum nanoparticles as a catalyst.

Most SERS-active nanostructures suffer from low robustness against misalignment to field polarization. Here, the authors demonstrate three-dimensional nanoframes of octahedral geometry, with two rims engraved on each facet, as polarization-independent SERS nanoprobes.

Tuberculosis kills more than a million people annually, and new treatments are necessary to counter the spread of drug-resistant forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this issue, Kevin Pethe and his colleagues report their identification of a new antibercular drug, called Q203, that targets the mycobacterial cytochrome bc₁ complex and that showed efficacy in vitro and in vivo.

In two related papers, Chen and colleagues and Guan and colleagues report a crucial role for the AMPK and Hippo pathways in glucose homeostasis. Starvation triggers AMPK-mediated phosphorylation and inactivation of YAP.

The identification of single point mutations is an important step toward personalizing detection and treatment. Here the authors design a gold-bridged nanoparticle for sensing MutS affinities to point mutations, and compile an atlas of the affinity data for detecting BRCA1 mutations in cell lines.

Experiments with high-molecular-weight polystyrene provide insights into the mechanisms behind rotational-translational decoupling in glassy systems. Specifically, particularly mobile molecules exhibiting anisotropic trajectories are found to play a key role in Debye-Stokes-Einstein breakdown.

Inflammation is a hallmark of obesity and driver of various associated pathologies. Here the authors show that mice overexpressing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 are protected from the metabolic consequences of a high-fat diet, and that plasma levels of IL-37 correlate with insulin sensitivity in humans.

In human leprosy, a dendritic cell differentiation pathway that depends on interleukin-32 and is induced by NOD2 represents a novel mechanism of host defense against infection.

Lee et al. use an antibody-drug conjugate to treat pathologic ocular neovascularization in mouse models. The antibody-drug conjugate targets PDGFRβ-expressing pericytes, with similar therapeutic effects to an anti-VEGF agent and with limited unwanted toxicity.

A large collection of new modENCODE and ENCODE genome-wide chromatin data sets from cell lines and developmental stages in worm, fly and human are analysed; this reveals many conserved features of chromatin organization among the three organisms, as well as notable differences in the composition and locations of repressive chromatin.