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Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

A universal AI-powered pipeline for fast, precise and plug-and-play image analysis of diverse 3D cellular structures across multiple imaging resolutions.

Wang, Wang, Pan and colleagues uncover a C864–C869 disulfide linkage stimulated by viral RNA that drives RIG-I activation, phase separation and stimulates downstream innate immune signalling.

Stimuli-responsive single-component multi-emissive materials offer unique advantages in photoluminescence. Single-component multi-emissive materials with stimuli-responsive properties offer unique advantages in the field of multicolor-tunable photoluminescence.

Crystalline dispersoids are commonly used to strengthen metals by obstructing dislocation movement, but this often comes at the cost of ductility. Here, the authors demonstrate that amorphous nanoparticles, introduced via additive manufacturing, enhance both the tensile strength and fatigue resistance of metallic materials.

Conjugated microporous polymers are highly flexible materials that may be used for gas storage and catalysis applications. Here, the authors report metal-functionalized conjugated microporous polymers capable of both capturing CO₂and functioning as a heterogeneous catalyst in its conversion to propylene carbonate.

Rare variants (RVs) significantly impact human diseases. Here, the authors conducted a comprehensive cross-tissue analysis of alternative polyadenylation outliers (aOutliers) and discovered a unique class of aOutliers-associated RVs with a large effect on disease.

Membrane-anchored DNA probes have been used to study molecular interactions and control cell assembly, but are not selective for different cell membranes. Here the authors develop a lipid-conjugated oligonucleotide for alkaline phosphatase-dependent cell membrane anchorage and use it to distinguish different cancer cells.

Oxidative C–H/N–H cross-coupling is a convenient method to construct C–N bonds, however this is rarely achieved in a sustainable manner. Here, the authors show an oxidant-free electrochemical C–H/N–H cross-coupling between electron-rich arenes and diarylamines to afford triarylamines with exclusive para-selectivity.

Two-dimensional materials have recently emerged as interesting materials for optoelectronic applications. Here, Shang et al. demonstrate two-dimensional semiconductor activated vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers where both the gain material and the lasing characteristics are two-dimensional.

The Nernst effect of transverse thermoelectric flow is usually small in less ordered systems with low charge mobility. Here, the authors show that conjugated polymers defy this expectation with Nernst effects orders of magnitude larger than predicted.

It is critical to understand the factors that are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression, metastasis and response to therapy. Here, the authors analyse primary and metastatic NPC samples using bulk and single-cell sequencing, and find two distinct evolutionary routes that lead to metastasis.

Aberrant G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling has been associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Here the authors show that depletion of the GPCR melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in melanoma cells is associated with enhanced T cell infiltration and anti-tumor immune responses.

A pH-responsive DNA origami device displays a precise geometric array of CD95 ligands to selectively induce activated immune cell death and elicit localized immune tolerance to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis.

An artificial neuron that detects dopamine using a carbon-based electrochemical sensor and then processes the sensory signals using a memristor with synaptic plasticity, before stimulating dopamine release via a heat-responsive hydrogel, can be used to trigger the controllable movement of a mouse leg and robotic hand.

Ebola virus virion protein 35 (VP35) is a cofactor of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, required for viral assembly and IFN antagonist. Here, Zhu et al. provide evidence that EBOV VP35 induces an AKIP1-mediated (human A kinase interacting protein) activation of the PKA-CREB1 signaling pathway and contributes to viral replication and pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo.

An automated deep-learning pipeline for chest-X-ray-image standardization, lesion visualization and disease diagnosis can identify viral pneumonia caused by COVID-19, assess its severity, and discriminate it from other types of pneumonia.

The authors propose a hydrogen bond modification method to achieve introduction of polarization and enhancement of phase transition temperature in molecular ferroelectrics, exploring the piezoelectric prototype devices of the molecular ferroelectric.

Varying growth temperatures enables the tuning of the degree of disorder, which is fully described by the absence/presence of medium-range order and temperature-dependent densities of nanocrystallites, and electrical conductivity in amorphous monolayer carbon films.

Wu et al. report that IFNγ induces the phase separation of KAT8 and IRF1 into condensates that promote PD-L1 upregulation. They further identify a peptide that blocks KAT8–IRF1 condensates, reducing PD-L1 levels and increasing antitumor immunity.

Functional miRNAs derived from the 5p or 3p arm of some miRNA duplexes have opposite roles in cancer progression. Here, the authors show that oncogenic miR-574-5p has greater preference in aggressive gastric cancer as compared with miR-574-3p and this arm preference is partly dependent on complementary targets mediated miRNA decay.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) can play a key role in cancer initiation and progression. Here, the authors conducted a comprehensive pan-cancer APA TWAS analysis and discovered a distinct class of APA-mediated cancer susceptibility genes across 22 cancer types.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

In a randomized phase 2 trial comparing anti-PD-1 plus anti-VEGF plus an HDAC inhibitor versus anti-PD-1 plus an HDAC inhibitor in patients with MSS/pMMR colorectal cancer, the triplet combination led to significantly better 18-week progression-free survival.

Authors report that VGLL1 regulates cell fate determination and self-renewal of human pluripotent stem cell-derived trophectoderm-like cells and trophoblast stem cells via modulation of chromatin accessibility in cooperation with TEAD4.

PCR is an essential method for the amplification and manipulation of nucleic acids, but the requirement for a thermocycler limits access. Here, authors engineer a helicase to replace the heating step of PCR with enzymatic unwinding, allowing the isothermal amplification of fragments up to 6 kb.

Tong et al. describe a super pangenome assembled from long-read sequences of 545 wild and domesticated silkworms. Naturally selected (diapause, aposemantic coloration) or artificially selected (silk yield and fineness) sets of genes are delineated.

Analyses of the genome sequences and expression data for two closely related mycoheterotrophic orchid species provide insights into the genomic basis underlying the evolution of mycoheterotrophy.

The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant has spread rapidly worldwide. Here, the authors characterise a single chain of transmission of Delta in China, and find evidence that it is more infectious and replicates faster during early infection compared to early pandemic lineages.

Deep-learning models trained on retinal fundus images can be used to identify chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes and to predict the risk of the progression of these diseases.

An introgression platform for transferring genetic variations of Aegilops tauschii to hexaploid wheat is established based on synthetic octoploid wheat. Combined with newly generated genome resources of A. tauschii, it represents a powerful tool for wheat gene discovery and breeding.

The CRISPR–Cas9-mediated generation of germline-transmissible mutations of SHANK3 in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) forms the basis of a non-human-primate model of autism spectrum disorder and Phelan–McDermid syndrome.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive electrodes for supercapacitors but generally suffer from low electric conductivity and chemical stability. Here the authors report stable conductive MOFs based on hexaminobenzene linker with volumetric and areal capacitances in excess of 700 F per cm³ and 15 F per cm², respectively.

A universal interface connects soft, rigid and encapsulation modules together to form robust, stretchable devices in a plug-and-play manner by pressing without using pastes, which will simplify and accelerate development of on-skin and implantable devices.