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Emerging applications of steam electrolysis and electrochemical synthesis for future hydrogen technologies at intermediate temperatures set stringent requirements on the stability of protonic ceramic cells. Now a sintering approach enables densified Ce-free protonic zirconate cells with enhanced Faradaic efficiency and exceptional stability under harsh operating conditions.

ATP/ADP translocators in obligate intracellular parasites and plastids facilitate energy parasitism and endosymbiosis by mediating ATP import and ADP export, with their cryo-EM structures and mechanisms revealed, providing insights for drug development against intracellular pathogens.

Lignin’s contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC) is contentious. The authors find a decoupling of lignin and SOC decomposition and their contrasting relationships with geochemical and microbial factors, addressing a long-standing controversy.

Glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling can suppress anti-tumour immunity. Here the authors show that GR activates PD-L1 expression and represses MHC-I expression in pancreatic cancer cells, while GR inhibition enhances anti-tumour immunity and sensitises the cancer cells to immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer patients with mismatch repair-deficient, but not MMR-proficient tend to benefit from immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Here, the authors identify interactions among tumor and immune cells that are associated with the responsiveness to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.

One effector of wheat disease pathogen is found to prevent the entry of thioredoxin into chloroplast. This disrupts the thioredoxin-mediated monomerization of STAYGREEN, a key regulator of senescence, and thereby suppresses plant defense responses.

roX (RNA on the X) are crucial for male development in Drosophila. Here, the authors propose a role for roX RNAs in regulating gene expression at specific autosomal loci, working in coordination with Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs).

The filamentous fungus expression system Thermothelomyces heterothallica (C1) is a protein expression system that may be useful for large scale antibody production. Here the authors characterise the production of a human monoclonal antibody that neutralises SARS-CoV-2 and compare functional properties in vitro and in animal models to antibodies produced using other methods.

The high dark current of perovskite photodetectors hinders the full potential of perovskites as active material for X-ray detectors. Here, Jin et al. provide a strategy to reduce the dark current to zero and massively enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of perovskite X-ray detectors and photodetectors.

While Ru-based electrocatalysts are among the most active for acidic water oxidation, they suffer from severe deactivation. Now, Yuen Wu, Wei-Xue Li and co-workers report a core–shell Ru₁–Pt₃Cu catalyst with surface-dispersed Ru atoms for a highly active and stable oxygen evolution reaction in acid electrolyte.

Empathy and aggression are essential to well-being and survival, but its circuit mechanism remains unclear. Here, authors show two specific pathways from the medial amygdala as brain switches that control the consolation or attacking respectively.

Severe COVID-19 requires immediate and targeted intervention that is efficient against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Authors show here the therapeutic potential of engineered natural killer cells that simultaneously express a chimeric antigen receptor targeting the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, and IL-15, a cytokine that enhances the function and survival of their own.

Wheat E3 ubiquitin ligase TaPIR1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of an atypical transcription factor TaHRP1 alters PhANGs expression to disrupt chloroplast function and ROS accumulation, increasing plant susceptibility to wheat stripe rust.

The low mobility measured for molybdenum disulphide layers grown using chemical vapour deposition limits the applications of these promising materials. Here, the authors show that band tail states play an important role on its electronic properties and that the band mobility is significantly higher.

Experiments performed in the CERN CLOUD chamber show that, under upper-tropospheric conditions, new atmospheric particle formation may be initiated by the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with isoprene emitted by rainforests.

Chemoresistance limits the success of chemotherapy in patients with cancer. Here, the authors perform 30 genome wide CRISPR knockout screens to identify genes associated to resistance against commonly used chemotherapeutics across multiple cancer types, followed by 26 second round CRISPR screens to identify druggable targets of chemoresistance.

The development of a transgene-free, rapid and controllable method for producing eight-cell-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells provides a valuable resource to study early human embryogenesis.

To solve the difficult problems with CVD of graphene on non-metallic substrates, researchers used dichloromethane as a C precursor with a multispecies coadsorption mechanism for more efficient graphene coating on fiber fabrics.

Converting methane to hydrogen and aromatics is a route to upgrading natural gas into high value products. Here the authors report a high-performing synergistic trimetallic thermochemical catalyst, along with mechanistic insights into the process.

Autophagy is involved in tumour suppression. Cytoplasmic FoxO1 is acetylated in response to stress and binds the autophagy regulator Atg7 to promote autophagy, cell death and tumour suppression, independently of its transcriptional activity.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterised by the generation of antibodies targeting DNA and nuclear antigens. Here, the authors show that oxidised mitochondrial DNA induces gasdermin D oligomerization and promotes pore formation in neutrophils from patients with SLE.

Transposable elements (TEs) fulfill essential but poorly understood roles in genome organization and gene expression control. Here the authors show that the regulation of TEs occurs through overlapping epigenetic mechanisms that control the expression and chromatin signatures at TEs.

Fan and colleagues report that inhibition of PAK4 normalizes the tumor vascular microenvironment and sensitizes glioblastomas to CAR-T cell immunotherapy.

Transitional liver progenitor cells (TLPCs), which derive from biliary epithelial cells (BECs), differentiate into hepatocytes after serious liver damage. Notch and WNT/β-catenin signaling regulate BEC-to-TLPC and TLPC-to-hepatocyte conversions, respectively.

Here, the authors determine seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in healthy blood donors in the cities of Wuhan, Shenzhen, and Shijiazhuang in China between January and April 2020. The age- and sex-standardized SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among 18–60 year-old adults is, with 2.66%, the highest in Wuhan.

A simple acid treatment can improve high-temperature annealed electrolyte surfaces, resulting in improved performance and stability at lower temperatures for protonic ceramic fuel/electrolysis cells, offering new understanding for sustainable energy infrastructures.

Mitochondrial trafficking is carefully regulated and functionally important in neurons. Here, the authors screen C. elegans for abnormal mitochondrial distribution and identify metaxin-1 and -2, which bind Miro and microtubule motor proteins to promote mitochondrial trafficking.

The conserved HEAT repeat protein HPO-27 is identified as a lysosome scission factor in Caenorhabditis elegans, and the human homologue MROH1 also serves the same function to maintain lysosomal homeostasis.

Oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 lyses cancer cells while increases their immunogenicity. Blocking the CD47 “don’t eat me” signal on cancer cells promotes their phagocytosis by macrophages. Authors here show that oncolytic viruses expressing anti-CD47 antibodies improve glioblastoma survival in mouse models.

Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 are inhibited by a trispecific DARPin.

Resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies often occurs in patients. Here, the authors demonstrate the role of PDGF signaling in GBM resistance to anti-VEGF treatment via a mechanism that involves endothelial-mesenchymal transformation and transcriptional regulation of VEGFR-2.

The DAWN study is a phase 3 clinical trial that demonstrates effective glycemic control of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metfomin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The SEED study is a phase 3 clinical trial demonstrating a beneficial effect on glycemic control of dorzagliatin, a glucokinase activator, in drug-naive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Covalent organic frameworks are used in capture of radioactive ions but achieving high separation factors remains challenging. Here, the authors design an ionic COF its neutral non-ionic to better understand the role of different N sites on the selective capture of Th(IV) and report remarkable separation factors ranging from 10² to 10⁵.

TRPCs, nonselective cation channels, are involved in cardiac contraction and conduction. Here, the authors show that Trpc1/6 deficiency or pharmacological inhibition improves endotoxemic cardiac dysfunction and prolongs survival by prominently suppressing cardiac inflammation and ER Ca²⁺ release.

Methanol-to-olefins is hindered by rapid catalyst deactivation due to coke deposition. Here the authors demonstrate an approach of directly transforming coke to active intermediates to simultaneously recover catalyst activity and boost light olefins selectivity.

Hydrogen peroxide is an interesting target for artificial photosynthesis, although its actual production via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction remains limited. Now, a carbon nitride-supported antimony single atom photocatalyst has been developed with a superior performance for this process.