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Seawater electrolysis at ampere-level current densities demands durable anodes for practical hydrogen production. Here, the authors report that a single non-oxygen anion enables dual modulation of surface and interlayer structures, stabilizing layered double hydroxide anodes for over 5,000 hours.

Qi et al. show that bile acids produced by the gut microbiota can suppress platelet activation and reduce atherothrombosis, protecting atherosclerotic mice from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

The acetylene hydrogenation activity and stability of a palladium single-atom catalyst are both controlled by the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the oxide support.

A novel radio-photovoltaic cell was developed using a waveguide light concentration design, featuring multilayer-stacked GAGG:Ce scintillation waveguides interleaved with ⁹⁰Sr sources. The devices achieved a total energy conversion efficiency of 2.96% and demonstrated only 13.8% radioluminescence degradation after 50-year equivalent electron beam irradiation. The study results represent a significant advancement for facilitating nuclear battery applications.

While water-splitting electrocatalysts enable energy storage in carbon-neutral fuels, a recent challenge has been the discovery and understanding of catalyst active sites. Here, authors find ___domain boundaries in MoS₂ materials to present high-activity, stable, and scalable sites for H₂ evolution.

This study shows how including different ancestry groups in a genome-wide association study for prostate-specific antigen levels can improve prostate cancer risk prediction, with implications for population screening.

Maintaining yield under environmental stresses is a long-standing but challenging goal of rice breeding. Here, the authors report a MYB transcription factor encoding gene GL12 from wild rice can improve grain length and salt tolerance in cultivated rice and the identification of its upstream regulators GIF1 and WRKY53.

Observing the Peltier effect, e.g. cooling/heating at material junctions due to current flow, in organic thermoelectric films remains a challenge due the inherent properties of these materials. Here, the authors use IR imaging to experimentally observe the Peltier effect in poly(Ni-ett)-based films.

Huanming Yang, Zhiming Cai, Jun Wang and colleagues report whole-exome sequencing of 10 clear cell renal cell carcinomas followed by a screen of ~1,100 genes in a total of 98 tumors. They found 12 new disease-associated genes and detected frequent alterations in the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway.

The authors deposit non-superconducting metallic thin films on surfaces of the kagome Chern magnet TbMn₆Sn₆ and observe emergent superconductivity even though neither component is a superconductor. Furthermore, the superconducting state is quasi-two-dimensional and coexists with ferromagnetism, consistent with possible spin-triplet pairing and topological superconductivity.

The DAWN study is a phase 3 clinical trial that demonstrates effective glycemic control of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metfomin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Electroceuticals could treat refractory diseases by the selective modulation of peripheral nerves but their utility is hindered by the small sizes and the delicate nature of the nerves. Here, the authors address these issues by developing an injectable, stable, and conductive hydrogel that allows a safer and more effective treatment during chronic neuromodulation of delicate peripheral nerves.

A bioresorbable, wireless hydrogel (metagel) sensor, encompassing both biodegradable and stimulus-responsive hydrogels for ultrasonic monitoring of intracranial signals, was implanted into intracranial space with a puncture needle and deformed in response to physiological environmental changes.

The genome sequence and its analysis of the diploid wild wheat Triticum urartu (progenitor of the wheat A genome) represent a tool for studying the complex, polyploid wheat genomes and should be a valuable resource for the genetic improvement of wheat.

A comprehensive pangenome map of 22 elite tea cultivars unveils genetic variants that influence flavour, leaf colour and bud flush timing, facilitating our understanding of the molecular basis of tea quality and genomics-assisted breeding.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy is used to reveal a new topological kagome magnet with an intrinsic Chern quantum phase, which shows a distinct Landau fan structure with a large Chern gap.

Cardiovascular disease diagnosis can be invasive and complex. Here, the authors present a flexible optoacoustic blood ‘stethoscope’ that noninvasively and continuously monitors cardiovascular health.

Transport of rodlike particles in macromolecular networks is relevant to various biological processes and technological applications, where thin rods have been mainly in focus. Here the authors investigate diffusion dynamics of thick rods in confinement media of macromolecular networks, and uncover dependence of translational diffusion upon rod length.

Water-responsive supercontractile polymer films composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(ethylene glycol)-α-cyclodextrin inclusion complex contract by more than 50% of their original length within seconds after wetting and become soft and stretchable hydrogel thin films that can be used in bioelectronic interfaces.

The ratio of tumour area to metastatic lymph node area (T/MLN) is a clinical indicator that can improve prognosis prediction of gastric cancer. Here, the authors use machine learning on whole slide images to generate a method that can predict metastatic lymph nodes and obtain T/MLN.

This study reveals that short-term acute heat stress causes vacuolation of the Golgi apparatus, whereafter autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8) translocates to the cisternal membrane and recruits CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAIN 2 (CLC2) to facilitate Golgi reconstruction by promoting the budding of ATG8-positive vesicles.

Tracking the formation of cubic ice (ice Ic) using transmission electron microscopy and low-dose imaging shows preferential nucleation of ice Ic at low-temperature interfaces and two types of stacking disorder.

A universal interface connects soft, rigid and encapsulation modules together to form robust, stretchable devices in a plug-and-play manner by pressing without using pastes, which will simplify and accelerate development of on-skin and implantable devices.

Attempts to develop hydrogen evolution photocatalysts usually result in low efficiency. Here the authors report a photocatalyst system by integrated interfacial design of stable covalent organic frameworks for high performance hydrogen evolution.

Aberrant alternative splicing has been shown to contribute to the tumorigenic processes. Here, the authors show that MTR4 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and has a role in tumorigenesis through the modulation of the splicing of glycolytic genes PKM2 and GLUT1.

Utilizing the Marangoni effect, miniaturized machineries can be endowed with self-propulsion. Here, the authors report high-performance Marangoni hydrogel rotors with asymmetric porosity and drag reduction profile and demonstrate multiple potential functionalities.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is an important determinant of organismal energy expenditure in mammals. Here, Whittle et al. report that the protein sLR11 is a negative regulator of BAT activity in mice, repressing thermogenesis by inhibiting BMP/Smad signalling in brown adipocytes.

Active species such as hydrogen and oxygen are commonly introduced into reactors to control the growth of two-dimensional materials. Now, the presence of fluorine—released by the decomposition of a metal fluoride sheet—has also been shown to modulate the growth kinetics of graphene, h-BN and WS₂.

Zhiming Cai and colleagues report the exome sequencing of tumor and matched normal tissue from nine transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) of the bladder, with further screening in 88 additional subjects. The authors identify mutations in chromatin remodeling genes in 59% of the 97 TCC subjects.

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) promote cancer progression. Here, the author show that caspase-1 promotes TAMs differentiation by attenuating medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and that inhibition of this axis results in suppression of tumour growth in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer.

The Neuro-stack is a wearable platform for recording from single neurons in freely moving humans. It also allows for personalized stimulation during real-time decoding of neural activity.

The epitaxial growth of large single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride monolayers on low-symmetry copper foils is demonstrated.

Zhiming Cai and colleagues report whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of 99 paired tumor-normal samples of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. They find that 32% of tumors harbor alterations in genes involved in sister chromatid cohesion, including STAG2, ESPL1, NIPBL, SMC1A and SMC3.