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Here, the authors identify a copy number variation containing three enhancers (PIHEC) that drives bilateral constricted ear by co-ordinately regulating HMX1 expression, revealing how aberrant Hmx1 expression in neural crest-derived fibroblasts disrupts outer ear development.

Two-color lasers often suffer from low coherence at large frequency spacings. Herein, the authors use the Pound-Drever-Hall technique to synchronize two lasers to a common ultra-stable optical cavity, achieving high coherence and generating microwave signals with remarkable phase noise via 2-point frequency division.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal genetic disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene. Here, the authors develop MyoAAV-UA, a compact utrophin activator, as a promising universal treatment for DMD through a homologous protein activation approach.

A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of allohexaploid bread wheat cv. Chinese Spring (CS-IAAS), along with transcriptomic and proteomic data, highlights wheat genome complexity and its structural and functional features.

Insights into how the linker histone H1 promotes chromatin alterations and allows repair of DNA damage are described.

Generation of light with desirable amplitude and phase profiles with nonlinear wavefront shaping is of great interest for optical technologies. Here, the authors demonstrate efficient nonlinear beam shaping using three-dimensional lithium niobate photonic crystals fabricated using a femtosecond-laser-engineering technique.

Here the authors propose a self-homodyne fronthaul architecture, utilizing DA-RoF super channels and multicore fiber, paving the way for the Pb/s era in fronthaul transmission, enabling ultra-highspeed Internet access. The remarkable data speeds reaching 0.879 Pb/s and the 256-QAM format make it possible for 150,000 5G channels to be accessed simultaneously.

DILITracer: an AI-driven ternary hepatotoxicity classification model via spatiotemporal analysis of human liver organoids brightfield images.

Irreversible damage of the lung epithelium in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients causes high mortality worldwide, with no lung repair approaches available currently. Here, the authors show that cloned human airway basal progenitor cells could repair the fibrotic lung through re-epithelialization of the damaged alveolar area.

Organic nitrogen (N) sources management is critical to achieve high rice yield and carbon (C) neutrality. This study scaled up the field findings using machine learning and showed that the co-benefits of improved rice yield and reduced net C emission can be realized with integrated management of organic N and water on a global scale.

Cross-hatch impressions from Ediacaran rocks in China are interpreted as having been left by a crown-group sponge fossil, Helicolocellus cantori gen. et sp. nov., characterized by an organic latticework skeleton.

Improving the manufacturability of perovskite solar cells is key to their deployment. Zheng et al. report a one-step deposition of the hole-selective and absorber layers that addresses wettability issues and simplifies the fabrication process.

Achieving acoustic waveguides with low loss, tailorability, and easy fabrication is a considerable challenge. Here, the authors introduce suspended anti-resonant acoustic waveguides with superior confinement and high selectivity of acoustic modes, supporting both forward and backward SBS on chip.

Because open-circuit voltage deficit is greater in wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells, the authors introduce diammonium molecules to modify perovskite surface states and achieve a more uniform spatial distribution of surface potential, enabling record voltage all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Human pancreatic δ cells play important roles in the balance of pancreatic hormones. Here, the authors develop a directed differentiation method to generate in vitro and in vivo functional δ cells from human stem cells by combining FGF2 with FGF7.

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysers require the development of active, stable and cost-effective catalysts for water oxidation. Now, a Ru/α-MnO₂ catalyst with in-situ-formed arrays of Ru atoms is presented for acidic water oxidation, which follows the oxide path mechanism and achieves enhanced activity and stability.

The use of clone combs provides very high-capacity radio-over-fibre data transmission with high-order modulation formats.

Atomically dispersed metallic materials attract tremendous attention. Here the authors explore a general method based on the discrepancy in cohesive energy of the metals to synthesize a large library of bi-/multi-metallic single atom/atomic cluster materials for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

While perovskite solar cells with an inverted architecture hold great promise for operation stability, their power conversion efficiency lags behind that of conventional cells. Here, Zheng et al. achieve a certified 22.34% efficiency, exploiting alkylamine ligands as grain and interface modifiers.

In this study, Qin et al. present a murine-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, MASCp36, as a model for studying the pathogenicity, evolution and adaptation of the virus to human and animal hosts.

Mechanical metamaterials can be engineered with properties not possible in ordinary materials. Here the authors demonstrate and study an active metamaterial with self-sensing characteristics that enables odd elastic properties not observed in passive media.

Regulating spin state of metal cations in catalysts is recognized as a strategy to improve water oxidation. Herein, the authors constructed high-spin cobalt ions in cobalt oxyhydroxides, experimentally demonstrating accelerated electron transfer ability and thereby superior water oxidation performance.

Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate abilities of a mechanical Willis meta-layer, in beams and plates, for independently engineering transmission and reflection coefficients of flexural waves in both amplitude and phase and nonreciprocal wave propagation.

The fabrication of perovskite solar cells in ambient air is of interest, but the materials are unstable in the presence of moisture. Yan et al. show that guanabenz acetate salt eliminates vacancy defects that trigger perovskite degradation, enabling 25% efficiency devices to be fabricated in air.

The innate immune response to many RNA viruses depends on recognition of viral RNA by RIG-I. Here the authors show that, upon virus infection, FBXW7 interacts with RIG-I and inhibits ubiquitin-mediated degradation of RIG-I, resulting in increased interferon signallingin vitro and in vivo.

Sun et al. uncover a conserved mechanism by which ribosomes function in defining the position of pachytene piRNA formation on long single-stranded RNAs during spermatogenesis.

Most cases of craniofacial microsomia are sporadic but familial cases have been reported. Here the authors report that variants in FOXI3 can cause a small fraction of cases with different modes of inheritance including autosomal dominant with reduced penetrance.

While heat modification is ubiquitous in biologic systems, it remains a significant challenge in artificial systems. Here the authors demonstrate thermal regulation of conversion between different rigid macrocycle atropisomers and related self-assemblies.

It is challenging to synthesize cobalt manganese spinels with controlled phase and composition. Here the authors present a solution-based synthesis method for the spinels, which show potential in catalysing oxygen reduction reactions.

Ageing is known to impair the immune response against infectious pathogens. Here, Kasmani et al. present a spatial and transcriptomic atlas of immune changes in the lungs of young and aged mice in response to influenza virus infection.

This study analyses radio observations of the jet in galaxy M87, from which the existence of a spinning black hole that induces Lense–Thirring precession of a misaligned accretion disk is inferred.

Here, the authors show that PDHE1α accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks, in a PARylation-dependent manner, where it locally supplies acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation. These events facilitate remodeling of the chromatin landscape and efficient repair.

The authors investigate junctions made of two flakes of the cuprate superconductor Bi₂Sr_2-xLa_xCuO_6+y (Bi2201) twisted by 45 degrees. They find evidence for an isotropic pairing component, and call into question theoretical predictions of d+id superconductivity in this system.

Distinct subsets of effector CD8⁺ T cells can arise in chronically infected mice. Cui and colleagues examine the epigenetic trajectory of TCF-1⁺Ly108⁺ ‘stem-like’ progenitor cells differentiating into CX₃CR1⁺ cytolytic effector CD8⁺ T cells in LCMV-infected mice. Single-cell transcriptomic and ATAC-seq analyses reveal that this progression requires the transcription factors T-bet and BATF.