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Most kiwifruit species are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress. Here, the authors report natural variation at the GATA transcription factor binding site of EGY3 gene mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

Fluorine-containing compounds play a critical role in life sciences, driving extensive research into efficient fluorination methods over the past decades. Here, the authors report a radical-mediated synthesis of alkyl fluorides via decarboxylative-desulfonylative gem-difunctionalization under photochemical conditions.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

A suite of bridged rhodamine dyes (BriDyes) offers excellent brightness, solubility, photostability, and tunable cell permeability along with resistance to photoblueing, making them exceptional all-purpose dyes for fluorescence biomaging.

Comparing to Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense cotton lines have superior fiber quality but lower fiber yield. Here, the authors construct pangenome using 12 newly assembled G. barbadense genomes and 17 publicly tetraploid cotton genomes and reveal yield- and fiber-related diversity and interspecific gene flow.

Anxiety involves abnormal respiratory responses to emotional stimuli. Here, the authors show that CeA^GABA neurons, acting as a central hub, are instrumental in orchestrating anxiety-like behaviors and breathing patterns through the CeA-PVT and CeA-LPBN-preBötC circuits, correspondingly.

The genetic basis of gestational diabetes remains poorly characterised, particularly in non-European populations. Here, the authors identify 13 novel loci and develop an early prediction model integrating polygenic risk scores and prenatal records in Chinese pregnancies.

A nanofluidic intracellular delivery (NanoFLUID) patch provides a versatile, biocompatible and efficient method for the targeted delivery of payloads to internal organs for therapeutic purposes and for biomolecular investigations.

Global consumption drives freshwater overuse at production sites along supply chains, of which 24% is outsourced via trade. Agricultural demand is a key driver, while manufacturing exports exacerbate water stress in emerging economies.

The core circadian transcription factor BMAL1 regulates circadian-dependent myocardial injury.

Whole-brain c-fos staining reveals key brain regions regulating tactile contact behavior during social interaction.

Topochemical polymerization (TCP) emerges as a leading approach for synthesizing single crystalline polymers, but the untapped potential of performing TCP in a liquid medium with solid-state structural fidelity presents unsolved challenges. Here, the authors reveal details of single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation during the TCP of chiral azaquinodimethane monomers through in situ crystallographic analysis while spotlighting a rare metastable crystalline phase.

Tripotential intermediate progenitor cells are responsible for the local production of GABAergic neurons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells and astrocytes in the human neocortex.

Controlled nanoscale reduction of graphene oxide could aid the development of graphene-based electronics. Here, a relatively mild technique is reported that uses a platinum-coated atomic force microscope tip to catalyse the reduction of graphene oxide to graphene.

Gastric cancer detection by endoscopy is intrusive and time-consuming, and early detection is key to improving survival. Here, the authors propose a metabolite-based model to enable early detection.

Direct remote C–H functionalization of aliphatic alcohols via alkoxy radicals is largely unexplored. Here, the authors report the C(sp³)-heteroaryl bond formation in aliphatic alcohols mediated by alkoxy radicals formed with a hypervalent iodine reagent.

From 2000 to 2023, Northeast Asia saw a net loss of surface water in Far East Russia due to rising temperatures and evaporative demand, and a net gain in Northeast China driven by increased precipitation and irrigation infrastructure, according to integrated analysis of remote sensing, climate, and anthropogenic data.

C-C bond scission of unstrained cycloketones with high regioselectivity is a challenging synthetic task. Here, the authors show a facile C-C cleavage of cyclohexanones and cyclopentanones with unusual selectivity under mild conditions with the aid of an in situ formed side-chain aryl radical.

Efficient charge transfer in sulfur electrodes is a crucial challenge for sodium-sulfur batteries. Here, the authors developed a machine-learning-assisted approach to quickly identify effective single-atom catalysts that enhance selectivity for short-chain sodium polysulfides, leading to improved battery performance.

Urinary proteomics offers sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers, but cross-platform LC-MS data comparability requires investigation. Here, the authors evaluate 20 LC-MS platforms, developing MSCohort, a QC system with 81 metrics, and a unified SOP, paving the way for precision medicine research.

Living materials align with sustainability goals, but usually face challenges such as limited environmental adaptability and restricted cellular functionality. Here, the authors report a sustainable plasticizer-assisted thermoplastic molding process to develop silk protein-based living plastics with dense structures, functioning as protective matrices for encapsulated microorganisms.

Artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) often have sensitive metal centers. Here the authors enhance ArM performance by inducing liquid–liquid phase separation in Escherichia coli, creating protective compartments. This strategy boosts ArM loading, stabilizes activity and enables in vivo applications.

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and promote anti-tumor immune responses. Here the authors report that intermetallics modified with glucose oxidase and soybean phospholipid as nano-inducers promote cancer cell pyroptosis and disulfidptosis, resulting in ICD and anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models.

Mudskippers are amphibious fishes that have adapted to live on mudflats. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of four different mudskipper species and highlight genetic changes that may have had an evolutionary role in the water-to-land transition of vertebrates.

An anti-CD98 antibody with pH-dependent binding elicits tumour-specific Fc-mediated anti-tumour activity in multiple xenograft and syngeneic tumour models established in CD98-humanized mice.

Targeted delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles is currently a challenge. Here, the authors examine the composition of LNPs and report changes to the standard formulation can address issues with liver accumulation and allow for increased tissue specific targeting.

Analysis of a longitudinal cohort revealed that only 72% of Chinese adults aged 60 years and older received a booster coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination by July 2022, with contraindications, advanced age and living with chronic conditions being the main determinants of vaccine hesitancy in this population.

SAP05, a secreted effector of the obligate parasitic bacteria phytoplasma, bridges host SPL and GATA transcription factors (TFs) to the 26 S proteasome subunit RPN10 for ubiquitination-independent degradation. Here, the authors report the details on how SAP05 interacts with SPL5, GATA18 and RPN10.

Genome sequences from 112 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection showed two clades of SARS-CoV-2 virus with similar virulence and clinical outcome, and clinical data from 326 cases suggest that T cell depletion and cytokine bursts are associated with a worse prognosis.

COVID-19 pandemic is a global health risk, but our understanding on the induced durable immunity remains scarce. Here the authors assess antibody responses in 869 convalescent COVID-19 patients to find that specific antibody titers reduce with time, and the RBD-IgG positive rate exceed 70% at 12 month post diagnosis, with male and older patients showing stronger responses.

Comparative analysis of single-cell data from the amphioxus hepatic caecum and the liver of several vertebrates shows how genome duplication contributes to cellular diversification and functional complexity of the vertebrate liver.