Search

Cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) regulate cell fate and are involved in several physiological and pathological processes. Here, using mouse models of allergic rhinitis (AR), the authors reveal the formation of SGs within macrophages of the nasal mucosa and implicate SGs in the regulation of Lrp1-mediated efferocytosis and Type 2 cytokine production, aggravating AR symptoms.

Xue et al. develop a foundation model for spectral analysis. It excels in multiple tasks, such as denoising spectra and quantifying trace molecules, and is especially promising in identifying metabolic biomarkers of diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease and prostate cancer.

Open-source, multilingual medical LLMs can benefit a wide audience from different regions. Here, the authors present a large-scale corpus, a benchmark, and a series of LLMs openly to promote development in this field.

Medical imaging has transformed clinical diagnostics. Here, authors present RadDiag, a foundational model for comprehensive disease diagnosis using multi-modal inputs, demonstrating superior zero-shot performance on external datasets compared to other foundation models and showing broad applicability across various medical conditions.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes interstitial pneumonia and viral replication in the lungs of transgenic mice that express a human version of ACE2, confirming the pathogenicity of the virus in this model.

Based on the correlation analysis of various omics data from Brassica napus L., authors identify one Flavobacterium strain C2 which mitigates P deficiency by regulating fatty acid metabolism and enhancing P uptake, indicating potential strategies to improve P utilization in rapeseeds.

Thin films of a single-crystal dielectric—antimony oxide—can be epitaxially grown at wafer scales on graphene-covered copper surfaces and then used to transfer dielectric/graphene stacks, or be integrated as a two-dimensional dielectric onto other materials.

A mechanical exfoliation method for producing freestanding metal oxide ultrathin flakes is reported. The flakes can be transferred and integrated with 2D materials, providing a platform to investigate the fundamental properties of ultrathin metal oxides.

Light-emitting diodes based on halide perovskites have made remarkable progress but their stability is the bottleneck. Here Miao et al. show 14% quantum efficiency at a current density of 300 mA cm-2 and 23.7 hr lifetime under a current density of 100 mA cm-2, making it promising for actual application.

Rag-GTPases play roles in sensing nutrient availability, and it is not fully known how they contribute to energy-consuming immunological processes such as the B cell response. Here authors show that genomic deletion fo RagA/RagB distrupts both T-dependent and T-independent humoral immune responses, independent of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 but involving the transcription factors TFEB and TFE3.

A recombinant vaccine that targets the receptor-binding ___domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces a potent antibody response in immunized mice, rabbits and non-human primates, and protects primates from infection with the virus.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S protein can provide a treatment strategy for COVID-19. Here, Guo et al. provide the crystal structure of a SARS-CoV2 neutralizing antibody isolated from a convalescent patient and highlight the therapeutic efficacy in a rhesus monkey model of an engineered version with optimized pharmacokinetic and safety profile.

The electron cryo-microscopy structure of full-length mouse Piezo1 reveals unique topological features such as the repetitive transmembrane helical units that constitute the highly curved transmembrane region, and identifies regions and single residues that are crucial for the mechanical activation of the channel.

Lithium–sulphur batteries are a promising candidate for next-generation electrochemical energy storage. Here, the authors report a facile strategy for covalent stabilization of sulphur and its discharge products on amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide, which enhances the cycling stability.

A living passivation strategy enables dynamic self-healing of perovskite solar cells to ensure device performance and stability on exposure to heat or moisture.

Yamanaka factors can reprogram somatic and cancer cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Here, the authors show that the induction of these factors in acute myeloid leukemia leads to apoptosis of leukemia cells in vivo, and this is through modulation of chromatin accessibility to apoptotic genes and accompanied by H3K9me3 dysregulation.

A three-channel spinneret simultaneously extrudes and combines electrodes and electrolyte to make 1,500-km-long fibre batteries.

Despite the success of multi-modal foundation models in natural language and vision tasks, their use in medical domains is limited. Here, the authors propose to train a foundation model for chest X-ray diagnosis that combines medical ___domain knowledge with vision-language representation learning.

Whether connectivity in white matter detected by functional MRI relates to underlying electrophysiological synchronization is unclear. Here, the authors show that blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional connectivity and intracranial stereotactic-electroencephalography (SEEG) connectivity are correlated across a wide range of frequency bands.

Manipulating molecular self-assembly and disassembly in vivo may permit temporal control of drug delivery and release. Here, the authors report a fluorogenic cisplatin prodrug for cancer theranostics by leveraging stimuli-triggered in situ self-assembly and intracellular disassembly processes.

The kagome superconductor CsV₃Sb₅ exhibits a charge density wave (CDW) as well as superconductivity (SC). Here, the authors find that the CDW transition temperature decreases with decreasing sample thickness to 72 K at 27 atomic layers, but then unexpectedly increases to 120 K at 5 layers, an opposite trend to SC.

Topological defects play a crucial role in the behaviour of strongly correlated materials out of equilibrium. Now, ultrafast electron diffraction measurements on 1T-TiSe₂ shed light on the defect formation process at sub-picosecond timescales.

The authors present a framework for multiplexed optimization of metabolic pathways based on CRISPR–dCas12a-mediated genetic circuits, which can be generally applied in the construction of microbial cell factories for sustainable bioproduction.

The charge transfer between two layers of different two-dimensional materials occurs at a much faster speed than expected, holding promise for efficient optoelectronic devices.

Abnormal functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) contribute into the pathogenensis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Here, the authors show that TNF-α at high concentration induces enhances migration of AS-MSC through METTL14 mediated m6A modification of the ELMO1 3′ UTR.

Controlled generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential in biological, chemical, and environmental fields. Here, the authors report that ultrasonication can induce polarization of inert poly(tetrafluoroethylene) to a piezoelectric electret and drive piezocatalytic generation of aqueous ROS.

Varying growth temperatures enables the tuning of the degree of disorder, which is fully described by the absence/presence of medium-range order and temperature-dependent densities of nanocrystallites, and electrical conductivity in amorphous monolayer carbon films.

The regenerating islet-derived (REG) protein family suppresses cell death and promotes cell proliferation. Here the authors report that the lncRNA REG1CP forms an RNA–DNA triplex at the promoter of REG3A gene to increase its expression.

Reliable transfer techniques are critical for the integration of 2D materials with arbitrary substrates. Here, the authors describe a method to transfer 4-inch and A4-sized defect-free graphene films onto rigid and flexible substrates with controllable conformal contact, leading to improved electrical properties and uniformity.

A heterodimensional superlattice consisting of an alternating array of a two-dimensional material and a one-dimensional material shows unconventional octahedral stacking and an unexpected room-temperature anomalous Hall effect.

Two types of skyrmion-like polar nanodomain are observed in oxide bilayers transferred onto silicon, and these nanodomains, with distinct resistive behaviour, can be converted to each other under an external electric field.

The observation of macroscopic and direct light propulsion of bulk-graphene-based material offers an exciting opportunity for realizing long-sought proposals in areas such as space transportation driven directly by sunlight.

The relationship between the charge density wave and excitonic correlations in a layered compound 1T-TiSe₂ has remained controversial. Here, the authors observe a photo-induced dimensional crossover of the charge density wave and conclude that excitonic correlations are responsible for its out-of-plane phase coherence.

Here the authors characterize a monoclonal antibody from a COVID-19 convalescent patient that interferes with SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2 and has prophylactic and therapeutic activity in non-human primates. Antibody-dependent enhancement of infection is prevented by mutating the Fc region of the antibody.

Zhang et al. investigate how the large body of publicly available images from the biomedical ___domain can be used to generate a new medical visual question-answering dataset. Along with the resulting benchmark dataset, the authors propose a novel visual-language model and compare its performance against existing approaches.