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Rapeseed production is often threatened by drought stress. Here, the authors report transcription factor BnaA9.NFYA7 negatively regulates rapeseed drought tolerance through ABA signal transduction pathway via feedback inhibition of the expression of BnaABF3/4s-related genes.

Pan-genome analysis of 24 alfalfa accessions identifies key structural variations associated with salt tolerance and quality traits and provides resources for genomics-assisted breeding in alfalfa.

Crystalline silica particle exposure in the airways can lead to lung silicosis and progressive fibrosis. Here the authors use mouse silicosis models to show mechanics activated fibroblasts promote conversion of ILC2 to ILC1-like cells pulmonary fibrosis and that this is associated with a Notch3-IL-18 signalling pathway.

Molecular assembly is of great importance in many fields. Here, the authors establish a strategy to post-modulate angle-mismatched layer-by-layer materials by fullerene derivatives and achieve a modulation accuracy of up to 5 Å.

An AI-based learning model is applied to low-abundance human oral bacteria and identifies antimicrobial peptides with efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.

Treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain limited. Here, the authors show that 40 hertz blue light activates a visual circuit to boost glymphatic drainage, and enhances memory, motivation, and anti-Aβ therapy efficacy in a mouse model of AD.

DeepBlock is a deep learning framework for ligand generation, inspired by the DNA-encoded compound library technique, that enhances ligand design with building blocks and a rule-based reconstruction algorithm, achieving better drug properties.

A modular synthetic procedure is reported in which a selenium capping agent hinders phase segregation and aggregation while sequencing the priority of metals that migrate into the substrate lattice, leading to a layer-by-layer growth of ordered nanostructures.

Protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation plays a critical role in many biological processes. Here the authors develop a trans-omics-based algorithm called Central Kinase Inference to integrate quantitative transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data, finding that PIM1 promotes hepatic conversion by suppressing reprogramming-induced ferroptosis and cell cycle arrest.

A protein expression atlas of transcription factors charted onto cell lineage maps of Caenorhabditis elegans development that uncovers mechanisms of spatiotemporal cell fate patterning and regulators of embryogenesis.

The mechanisms underlying sex differences in response to stress are unclear. Here, the authors show that meningeal lymphatics dysfunction modulates the sex difference in the stress susceptibility to depression- and anxiety-like behaviours in mice.

Adipose tissue-resident regulatory T (T_reg) cells are important for maintaining normal metabolic function and adiposity. Li and colleagues demonstrate that insulin signaling directly controls adipose T_reg cell development and functionality

RNA editing and circRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis. Here the authors report that ADARs regulate the circular transcriptome in a bidirectional manner through and beyond their editing function in multiple cancer cells.

The two-dimensional electron gases that form at LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ heterostructure interfaces feature strong spin-orbit interactions, leading to proposed spintronic applications. Lin et al. show that the design of asymmetric heterostructures enables the Rashba spin-orbit interaction to be tuned between two regimes.

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) can participate in regulatory networks to control alternative splicing. Here the authors show that DAP3 functions as an RBP splicing modulator via two mechanisms, and that its overexpression leads to mis-splicing events in cancers.

The bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) motif has drawn increasing attention recently in drug discovery. Now, a programmable bis-functionalization strategy has been developed to modularly access bridge-substituted BCP scaffolds, based on the inherent chemoselectivity of BCP bis-boronates (3° > 2°). This strategy should enable further structure–activity relationship studies of BCP-containing drug candidates and open the door to unexplored chemical space.

Nanostructured design of mono- and multimetallic particles can be leveraged to achieve highly active catalysts. Now, a gas-balancing adsorption strategy is presented to prepare alloy nanowires with diameter of around 1 nm, whereby resulting catalysts achieve excellent performance for both anion- and proton-exhange membrane fuel cells.

In response to the rebound of air pollution during large events in China, the authors propose that a combination of ambitious short-term measures and enduring long-term pollution control policies is a sustainable solution for improving air quality.

HY5 is a bZIP transcription factor and master regulator of photomorphogenesis in plants. Here, the authors show that in addition to regulating transcription, HY5 promotes the activity of the GSK3-like kinase BIN2 thus negatively regulating hypocotyl elongation by suppressing brassinosteroid signaling.

Conventionally, urea is synthesized via two consecutive processes, N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ followed by NH₃ + CO₂. Now, an electrocatalyst consisting of PdCu alloy nanoparticles on TiO₂ nanosheets has been shown to directly couple N₂ and CO₂ in H₂O to produce urea under ambient conditions.

Bicyclic hydrocarbons, and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes in particular, are playing an emerging role as saturated bioisosteres in pharmaceutical, agrochemical and materials intramolecular coupling approach has been developed for the modular construction of underexplored multisubstituted strained bicyclic hydrocarbons, ranging from [1.1.1] to [3.2.1] scaffolds.

Using N₂ as a N source to nitrogenate compounds is highly desirable but also very challenging. Now a cascade electrosynthesis strategy is proposed to prepare (CF₃SO₂)₂NLi and its analogues from N₂ via a looped Li–N₂ battery.

Shi et al. show that neuregulin-4 derived from brown adipose tissue can reduce endothelial injury and inflammation and alleviate atherosclerosis in male mice, via Akt and nuclear factor-κB signaling

HARP are member of protein-only RNase P, which catalyzes pre-tRNA 5’-end processing and maturation. Here, the authors present crystal structure and provide mechanistic insights into pre-tRNA binding and cleavage by HARP proteins.

Stable lithium metal electrodes are needed to produce high-energy batteries. Here, authors reported poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-sodium benzenesulfonate) as a lithium metal protective layer and the production of a 490 Wh/kg class Li | |LiNi_0.83Co_0.11Mn_0.06O₂ pouch cell.

Achieving global carbon neutrality will lead to a low-warming future and impact renewable energy production. This study demonstrates that deep mitigation pathways can bring positive feedback that enhances and stabilizes solar and wind energy production.

RNA editing and RNA splicing are involved in tumorigenesis. Here the authors report crosstalk between RNA editing and splicing by identifying ADAR1/2-dependent splicing events in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.

Cytokinin is essential for regulation of nodulation. Here, the authors identified a B-type response regulator GmRR11d that governs a transcriptional program associated with nodulation and cytokinin activation essential for systemic regulation of nodulation.

Structural degradation in manganese oxides leads to unstable activity during long-term cycles. Herein, authors demonstrated that reduced unstable O 2p holes and the short interlayer distance of layered lithium manganese oxide are favorable for excellent electrocatalytic stability and activity.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented to mitigate COVID-19 transmission are likely to have impacted spread of other infectious diseases. Here, the authors investigate changes in the incidence of 31 notifiable infectious diseases using surveillance data from China.

Successive fusion of yeast chromosomes is used to produce a single-chromosome strain that is viable, albeit with slightly reduced fitness.

Historically, warm periods enhanced the Asian summer monsoon—increased rainfall brought additional nutrients to freshwater ecosystems and increased production. However, anthropogenic aerosols have weakened the monsoon and altered lake ecosystems.

Hydrogen production from water electrolysis requires high working voltages and produces H₂ only at the cathode. Now, H₂ generation during the oxidation of biomass-derived aldehydes is combined with the hydrogen evolution reaction on the cathode for low-voltage H₂ production.

Targeting norepinephrine-β2 adrenergic receptor axis sheds light on the corneal neurotrophins expression and nerve regeneration in diabetic corneal sensory nerve dysfunction.

Field-effect transistors that use carbon nanotubes as the channel material and an ion gel as the gate exhibit a high tolerance to radiation and can be recovered following radiation damage using a simple annealing process.